[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":540},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya":3,"alt-locale:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya":90,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy":124,"section-listing:disabled":498,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-obyknovennaya":499,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra|\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fbelyanki":506,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek":511},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"conservationStatus":70,"coverImage":71,"description":72,"extension":73,"family":74,"familySlug":75,"faq":76,"hostPlants":83,"imagePrompt":88,"latinName":26,"meta":89,"navigation":90,"order":91,"pageType":92,"path":93,"publishedAt":94,"readingMinutes":95,"relatedLinks":96,"relatedSpecies":106,"season":112,"seo":113,"sitemap":116,"stem":117,"tags":118,"updatedAt":91,"wingspanMm":122,"__hash__":123},"species_en\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya.md","Pale Clouded Yellow",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":62},"minimark",[9,14,32,35,39,42,45,49,52,55,59],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"appearance","Appearance",[15,16,17,18,22,23,27,28,31],"p",{},"The ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"pale clouded yellow"," (",[24,25,26],"em",{},"Colias hyale",") is a medium butterfly with a wingspan of 40–52 mm. Males are lemon yellow with a black border along the outer margin and an orange spot in the center of the hindwing. Females occur in two forms: yellow (similar to the male but paler) and white (forma ",[24,29,30],{},"alba",").",[15,33,34],{},"The underside of the hindwings is greenish yellow with a silvery spot in the center.",[10,36,38],{"id":37},"range-and-habitat","Range and habitat",[15,40,41],{},"Widely distributed in Europe and Asia. In Russia common in the European part and Siberia.",[15,43,44],{},"It lives on open meadows, clover and alfalfa fields, and roadsides. Closely linked to cultivated and wild legumes.",[10,46,48],{"id":47},"life-cycle","Life cycle",[15,50,51],{},"2–3 generations per year. Caterpillar overwinters. First generation flies May–June, second July–August, third August–September.",[15,53,54],{},"Eggs singly on legume leaves. Caterpillar green with a pale lateral stripe. Pupa green, attached to a stem.",[10,56,58],{"id":57},"clouded-yellows-and-agriculture","Clouded yellows and agriculture",[15,60,61],{},"Clouded yellows actively visit clover and alfalfa crops where they are important pollinators. Caterpillars eat legume leaves but damage is usually minor. They are characteristic butterflies of cultural landscapes.",{"title":63,"searchDepth":64,"depth":64,"links":65},"",2,[66,67,68,69],{"id":12,"depth":64,"text":13},{"id":37,"depth":64,"text":38},{"id":47,"depth":64,"text":48},{"id":57,"depth":64,"text":58},"LC","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya.jpg","The pale clouded yellow is a yellow or whitish pierid. Males are lemon yellow, females often white. It lives on meadows with clover.","md","Pieridae","belyanki",[77,80],{"q":78,"a":79},"How does pale clouded yellow differ from brimstone?","Clouded yellows (*Colias*) differ from brimstone (*Gonepteryx*) in wing shape: clouded yellows have rounded wings, brimstone angular. Pale clouded yellow has a black border along the wing margin. Host plants differ: clouded yellows eat legumes, brimstone eats buckthorn.",{"q":81,"a":82},"Why is the female yellow butterfly white, not yellow?","Females of many clouded yellows have a white (alba) form resembling a small white male. This is female polymorphism. White females occur in *Colias hyale* alongside yellow ones. Causes of this polymorphism are still poorly understood.",[84,85,86,87],"Red clover","Alfalfa","Mouse vetch","Grass pea","Photorealistic macro photography, Colias hyale pale clouded yellow butterfly on red clover flower, pale lemon-yellow male with black border and orange spots, sunlit meadow, 16:9",{},true,null,"species","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya","01.05.2026",1,[97,100,103],{"label":98,"path":99},"Brimstone","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa",{"label":101,"path":102},"Cleopatra","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra",{"label":104,"path":105},"Family Pieridae","\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fbelyanki",[107,108,109],{"label":98,"path":99},{"label":101,"path":102},{"label":110,"path":111},"Small Heath","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-obyknovennaya","May — September",{"title":114,"description":115},"Pale Clouded Yellow — Photos, Description","Pale clouded yellow (Colias hyale): description, photos, yellow meadow butterfly, host plants — clover and alfalfa.",{"loc":93},"vidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya",[119,120,121],"whites","meadow butterflies","day-flying butterflies","40-52","inSvJjf6yCuJ2e9ZW_m9-ZKBKM0tmI8Mywy3l32L3V4",[125,130,135,140,146,152,157,163,166,172,178,181,186,191,197,202,207,213,218,223,228,233,238,244,249,254,259,264,269,274,279,284,289,294,299,304,310,315,321,326,331,336,341,347,352,357,362,363,368,374,380,386,391,397,402,407,412,417,422,427,432,437,442,448,451,456,461,466,471,476,481,487,492],{"title":126,"description":127,"path":128,"coverImage":129,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Amanda's Blue","Amanda's blue is a large blue with vivid blue wings. Males are intense blue without orange lunules, unlike most related species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-amanda","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-amanda.jpg",{"title":131,"description":132,"path":133,"coverImage":134,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Apollo","The Apollo is a large mountain butterfly with semi-transparent white wings and red \"eyespots.\" A protected species listed in the Red Data Book of Russia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo.jpg",{"title":136,"description":137,"path":138,"coverImage":139,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Arran Brown","The Arran brown is a dark brown butterfly of forest edges with characteristic eyespots. A typical member of the genus *Erebia*.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernushka.jpg",{"title":141,"description":142,"path":143,"coverImage":144,"publishedAt":145,"order":91},"Bhutan Glory","The Bhutan Glory is a spectacular Himalayan swallowtail with iridescent tails, found in cool forests of Nepal, Bhutan, and northeast India.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbutanitis-lidderdeylya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbutanitis-lidderdeylya.png","25.07.2026",{"title":147,"description":148,"path":149,"coverImage":150,"publishedAt":151,"order":91},"Black Hairstreak","The Black Hairstreak is one of Europe's most localised butterflies, tied to blackthorn in woodland edges. Its short June–July season makes it easy to miss.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fhvostanka-slivovaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fhvostanka-slivovaya.png","23.06.2026",{"title":153,"description":154,"path":155,"coverImage":156,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Black-veined White","The black-veined white is a large white butterfly with dark wing veins, whose caterpillars overwinter in colonies and strip fruit-tree leaves in spring.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboyaryshnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboyaryshnitsa.jpg",{"title":158,"description":159,"path":160,"coverImage":161,"publishedAt":162,"order":91},"Blue Morpho","The blue morpho is a tropical butterfly with metallic-blue wings up to 130 mm across. Its iridescent sheen comes from nanostructure, not pigment.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-sinij","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-sinij.jpg","24.06.2026",{"title":98,"description":164,"path":99,"coverImage":165,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"The brimstone is the first butterfly of spring: males bright yellow, females greenish white. It lives longer than most butterflies — up to 13 months.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa.jpg",{"title":167,"description":168,"path":169,"coverImage":170,"publishedAt":171,"order":91},"Brown Hairstreak","The Brown Hairstreak is one of Europe's most secretive butterflies, living high in tree canopies. Its eggs on blackthorn twigs reveal it in winter.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-berezovyj","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-berezovyj.png","25.06.2026",{"title":173,"description":174,"path":175,"coverImage":176,"publishedAt":177,"order":91},"Cardinal","The cardinal (Argynnis pandora) is the largest Mediterranean fritillary — its hindwing underside suffused with crimson, giving the species its English name.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-pandora","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-pandora.png","12.08.2026",{"title":101,"description":179,"path":102,"coverImage":180,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Cleopatra is a large butterfly of southern Russia and the Mediterranean. Males have a bright orange patch on the forewing — the most vivid of the brimstones.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra.jpg",{"title":182,"description":183,"path":184,"coverImage":185,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Clouded Apollo","The clouded Apollo is a rare mountain butterfly with white semi-transparent wings and black spots. Listed in Red Data Books of many regions of Russia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina.jpg",{"title":187,"description":188,"path":189,"coverImage":190,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Comma","The comma is a butterfly with uneven, 'ragged' wing margins. On the underside of the hindwings is a white mark shaped like a comma — its second common name.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fugolnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fugolnitsa.jpg",{"title":192,"description":193,"path":194,"coverImage":195,"publishedAt":196,"order":91},"Common Birdwing","The Common Birdwing is one of the most widespread true birdwings, giant iridescent swallowtails found from South Asia to the western Pacific.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-elena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-elena.png","20.07.2026",{"title":198,"description":199,"path":200,"coverImage":201,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Common Blue","The common blue is one of the most widespread blues of the temperate zone and Eurasia. Males are intensely blue, females brown. It occurs on any meadow with clover.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-ikarus","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-ikarus.jpg",{"title":203,"description":204,"path":205,"coverImage":206,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Dark Green Fritillary","The dark green fritillary is a meadow butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. The underside of the hindwings is dark green with silvery triangular spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-aglaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-aglaya.jpg",{"title":208,"description":209,"path":210,"coverImage":211,"publishedAt":212,"order":91},"Death's-head Hawkmoth","The death's-head hawkmoth is a dramatic sphingid with a skull-like thorax pattern, powerful flight, and a squeak when disturbed — a regular migrant to Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmertvaya-golova","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmertvaya-golova.png","12.06.2026",{"title":214,"description":215,"path":216,"coverImage":217,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Dryad","The dryad is a large dark butterfly of the browns with bluish eyespots, living in floodplain forests and reed beds across Eurasia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-driad","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-driad.jpg",{"title":219,"description":220,"path":221,"coverImage":222,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"False Heath Fritillary","The false heath fritillary is a small meadow butterfly with a checkered pattern. It inhabits damp meadows with valerian — the main caterpillar host plant.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-diktinna","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-diktinna.jpg",{"title":224,"description":225,"path":226,"coverImage":227,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Glanville Fritillary","The Glanville fritillary is a small butterfly with a checkered pattern of reddish and black patches — a classic subject of population ecology research.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-cinxia","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-cinxia.jpg",{"title":229,"description":230,"path":231,"coverImage":232,"publishedAt":162,"order":91},"Glasswing Butterfly","The glasswing butterfly Greta oto is a nymphalid with transparent wings lacking scales in the center — a master of camouflage in Central American forests.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsteklyannaya-babochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsteklyannaya-babochka.jpg",{"title":234,"description":235,"path":236,"coverImage":237,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Grayling","The grayling is a large brown of rocky and sandy places. A master of camouflage: on stone or bark it is almost invisible.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-semele","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-semele.jpg",{"title":239,"description":240,"path":241,"coverImage":242,"publishedAt":243,"order":91},"Great Peacock Moth","The great peacock moth is Europe's largest nocturnal moth — a saturniid with a wingspan up to 15 cm, striking eyespots, and antennae detecting females afar.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoj-pavlinij-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoj-pavlinij-glaz.png","29.05.2026",{"title":245,"description":246,"path":247,"coverImage":248,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Green Hairstreak","The green hairstreak is a small blue with bright emerald-green undersides. Widespread in Europe and Asia, it lives on edges and rough ground.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbronzovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbronzovka.jpg",{"title":250,"description":251,"path":252,"coverImage":253,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Green-underside Blue","The green-underside blue is a small spring blue. The underside of the hindwings is bright green with white-ringed spots, making it easy to identify.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-aleksis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-aleksis.jpg",{"title":255,"description":256,"path":257,"coverImage":258,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Green-veined White","The green-veined white is a small white with characteristic green veins on the underside of the hindwings. The most common of the three \"garden whites.\"","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbryukvennitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbryukvennitsa.jpg",{"title":260,"description":261,"path":262,"coverImage":263,"publishedAt":162,"order":91},"Heliconius Melpomene","Heliconius melpomene is a tropical nymphalid with red-and-black wings, a classic example of Müllerian mimicry, inhabiting Central and South American forests.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgelikoniya-melpomena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgelikoniya-melpomena.jpg",{"title":265,"description":266,"path":267,"coverImage":268,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Hercules Grayling","The Hercules grayling is a large mountain brown. It is close to the grayling but larger and lives in more rocky, mountainous landscapes.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-gerkules","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-gerkules.jpg",{"title":270,"description":271,"path":272,"coverImage":273,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"High Brown Fritillary","The high brown fritillary is a large meadow and woodland butterfly. The underside of the hindwings is green with silvery spots and reddish strokes.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-adippe","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-adippe.jpg",{"title":275,"description":276,"path":277,"coverImage":278,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Large Blue","The large blue is a big blue butterfly with an unusual life cycle: the caterpillar parasitizes colonies of red ants. A protected species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-arion","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-arion.jpg",{"title":280,"description":281,"path":282,"coverImage":283,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Large Tortoiseshell","The large tortoiseshell is a nymphalid with tawny brown, variegated wings, resembling the small tortoiseshell but bigger, with different host plants.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa.jpg",{"title":285,"description":286,"path":287,"coverImage":288,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Large White","The large white is the commonest white butterfly in gardens, whose caterpillars eat cabbage. Larger than the small white, with dark wing spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkapustnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkapustnitsa.jpg",{"title":290,"description":291,"path":292,"coverImage":293,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Lesser Purple Emperor","The lesser purple emperor is a close relative of the purple emperor. It is smaller, with a warmer reddish tint and a larger orange 'eyespot' on the hindwings.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iliya.jpg",{"title":295,"description":296,"path":297,"coverImage":298,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Marbled Fritillary","The marbled fritillary (*Brenthis ino*) is a small fritillary of wet meadows. The underside of the hindwings is mottled yellow-violet with pearly spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbrenthis-ino","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbrenthis-ino.jpg",{"title":300,"description":301,"path":302,"coverImage":303,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Marbled White","The marbled white is a large black-and-white butterfly. Its bold contrast makes it one of Europe's most recognizable species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-galatea","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-galatea.jpg",{"title":305,"description":306,"path":307,"coverImage":308,"publishedAt":309,"order":91},"Meadow Brown","The meadow brown is the commonest butterfly in Britain and one of Europe's most abundant, with a distinctive forewing eyespot.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fvolovij-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fvolovij-glaz.png","21.06.2026",{"title":311,"description":312,"path":313,"coverImage":314,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Meleager's Blue","Meleager's blue is a large, handsome blue. Males are bright blue with a broad dark border; the underside of the wings has a characteristic white streak.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-dafnis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-dafnis.jpg",{"title":316,"description":317,"path":318,"coverImage":319,"publishedAt":320,"order":91},"Mocker Swallowtail","The Mocker Swallowtail is an African swallowtail famous for females with dozens of forms, each mimicking a different distasteful butterfly.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-dardan","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-dardan.png","23.07.2026",{"title":322,"description":323,"path":324,"coverImage":325,"publishedAt":162,"order":91},"Monarch","The monarch is the world's most famous migratory butterfly, covering up to 4,500 km per season, with orange wings marked by black veins and white spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmonarh","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmonarh.jpg",{"title":327,"description":328,"path":329,"coverImage":330,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Mourning Cloak","The mourning cloak is a large butterfly with dark chocolate wings bordered by a yellow band and blue spots — one of Europe's longest-lived butterflies.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa.jpg",{"title":332,"description":333,"path":334,"coverImage":335,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Nickerl's Fritillary","Nickerl's fritillary is a small butterfly with the typical checkered nymphalid pattern, occurring on dry meadows with plantain in European Russia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-aurelia","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-aurelia.jpg",{"title":337,"description":338,"path":339,"coverImage":340,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Old World Swallowtail","The Old World swallowtail is a large, recognizable swallowtail of the temperate zone: yellow wings, black pattern, and bright 'tails' on the hindwings.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmahon","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmahon.jpg",{"title":342,"description":343,"path":344,"coverImage":345,"publishedAt":346,"order":91},"Oleander Hawkmoth","The oleander hawkmoth is a tropical sphingid, apple-green with pink bands, hovering at dusk over oleander. A Mediterranean resident, rare vagrant to Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbraznik-oleandrovy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbraznik-oleandrovy.png","09.06.2026",{"title":348,"description":349,"path":350,"coverImage":351,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Orange Tip","The orange tip is an early-spring white with an orange patch on the male's forewing. One of the first pierids to appear after snow melt.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzoryanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzoryanka.jpg",{"title":353,"description":354,"path":355,"coverImage":356,"publishedAt":162,"order":91},"Owl Butterfly","The owl butterfly Caligo memnon is a crepuscular nymphalid with large 'owl eyes' on its wing undersides, wingspan to 150 mm, in Central and South America.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsovinnaya-babochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsovinnaya-babochka.jpg",{"title":358,"description":359,"path":360,"coverImage":361,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Painted Lady","The painted lady is one of the longest-distance migrants among butterflies. Each year it travels thousands of kilometres from Africa into Europe and temperate Eurasia across its range.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepeynitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepeynitsa.jpg",{"title":5,"description":72,"path":93,"coverImage":71,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},{"title":364,"description":365,"path":366,"coverImage":367,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Peacock","The peacock is one of the most beautiful temperate-zone butterflies. Four large wing 'eyes' mimic a predator's gaze, protecting it from birds.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpavliniy-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpavliniy-glaz.jpg",{"title":369,"description":370,"path":371,"coverImage":372,"publishedAt":373,"order":91},"Pearl Heath","The pearl heath (Coenonympha arcania) is a small satyr butterfly of Central and Southern Europe, with a white postdiscal stripe and silver-ringed eyespots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-arkaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-arkaniya.png","04.08.2026",{"title":375,"description":376,"path":377,"coverImage":378,"publishedAt":379,"order":91},"Peleides Blue Morpho","The Peleides blue morpho is one of the largest, brightest butterflies alive — its iridescent blue wings, up to 20 cm, come from light-scattering nanostructures.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-peleid","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-peleid.png","10.08.2026",{"title":381,"description":382,"path":383,"coverImage":384,"publishedAt":385,"order":91},"Plain Tiger","The Plain Tiger (Danaus chrysippus) is among the world's most widely distributed butterflies, ranging from Africa to South Asia and Australia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fdanajida-hrizipp","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fdanajida-hrizipp.png","16.06.2026",{"title":387,"description":388,"path":389,"coverImage":390,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Poplar Admiral","The poplar admiral is a large forest butterfly with dark wings and a white band. Males aggressively defend territory in tree crowns.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi.jpg",{"title":392,"description":393,"path":394,"coverImage":395,"publishedAt":396,"order":91},"Priam's Birdwing","Priam's Birdwing is one of the largest, most spectacular butterflies. Males show iridescent green and black wings; larger females are brown and yellow.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-priam","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-priam.png","05.06.2026",{"title":398,"description":399,"path":400,"coverImage":401,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Purple Emperor","The purple emperor is one of the most beautiful butterflies in Europe. The male's wings shimmer with violet-blue iridescence in certain light.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris.jpg",{"title":403,"description":404,"path":405,"coverImage":406,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Purple Hairstreak","The purple hairstreak is a small lycaenid with emerald-green undersides, living in oak woodland across Europe, most active high in the canopy.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-dubovyi","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-dubovyi.jpg",{"title":408,"description":409,"path":410,"coverImage":411,"publishedAt":162,"order":91},"Queen Alexandra's Birdwing","Queen Alexandra's birdwing is the world's largest day-flying butterfly, female wingspan up to 280 mm. Lives only in Papua New Guinea; endangered.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-aleksandry","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-aleksandry.jpg",{"title":413,"description":414,"path":415,"coverImage":416,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Queen of Spain Fritillary","The queen of Spain fritillary is a small butterfly with numerous silvery spots on the hindwing underside, occurring from lowlands to mountains.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-malaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-malaya.jpg",{"title":418,"description":419,"path":420,"coverImage":421,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Red Admiral","The red admiral is a migratory butterfly with dark brown wings and a scarlet band. Each summer it migrates into temperate Eurasia, reaching the northern part of its range from the Mediterranean.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral.jpg",{"title":423,"description":424,"path":425,"coverImage":426,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Scarce Swallowtail","The scarce swallowtail is a large swallowtail with cream-yellow wings and characteristic dark stripes. It is conspicuous in May in fruit orchards.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpodalirii","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpodalirii.jpg",{"title":428,"description":429,"path":430,"coverImage":431,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Silver-washed Fritillary","The silver-washed fritillary is a large woodland butterfly with orange wings. The underside of the hindwings shimmers with silvery pearl-like spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-bolshaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-bolshaya.jpg",{"title":433,"description":434,"path":435,"coverImage":436,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Small Apollo","The small Apollo is a mountain Papilio with white wings similar to the Apollo but smaller. It lives in high mountains of the Altai, Siberia, and Central Asia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ffeby","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ffeby.jpg",{"title":438,"description":439,"path":440,"coverImage":441,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Small Blue","The small blue is the smallest blue in Europe, with inconspicuous gray wings in both sexes; it lives on poor dry meadows with vetch.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkupidok","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkupidok.jpg",{"title":443,"description":444,"path":445,"coverImage":446,"publishedAt":447,"order":91},"Small Copper","The small copper is one of Europe's most vivid small butterflies — fiery orange-copper forewings flash in sun across meadows and heathlands worldwide.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchervonet-ognennyj","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchervonet-ognennyj.png","19.06.2026",{"title":110,"description":449,"path":111,"coverImage":450,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"The small heath is a small reddish-brown butterfly of open meadows. It is one of the most abundant browns and occurs almost everywhere.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-obyknovennaya.jpg",{"title":452,"description":453,"path":454,"coverImage":455,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary","The small pearl-bordered fritillary is a small fritillary of wet meadows, with clear white and rusty spots in a pattern on the hindwing underside.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboloria-selene","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboloria-selene.jpg",{"title":457,"description":458,"path":459,"coverImage":460,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Small Tortoiseshell","The small tortoiseshell is one of the most common day-flying butterflies of the temperate zone, with bright orange wings, black spots, and blue marginal 'eyes'.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa.jpg",{"title":462,"description":463,"path":464,"coverImage":465,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Small White","The small white is a small white butterfly similar to the large white, whose caterpillars feed on cabbage — the most common garden pest among the whites.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepnitsa.jpg",{"title":467,"description":468,"path":469,"coverImage":470,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Southern Festoon","The southern festoon is an early-spring butterfly of southern Russia with cream wings and red spots — one of the first swallowtails to fly each year.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolyksena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolyksena.jpg",{"title":472,"description":473,"path":474,"coverImage":475,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Southern Swallowtail","The southern swallowtail is a rare Papilio with yellow-and-black wings, living in mountain areas of the Caucasus and Crimea, very seldom seen.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Falexanor","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Falexanor.jpg",{"title":477,"description":478,"path":479,"coverImage":480,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"Speckled Wood","The speckled wood is a mottled orange-brown butterfly of shady woods, preferring partial shade and damp forest paths across much of Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-egeriya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-egeriya.jpg",{"title":482,"description":483,"path":484,"coverImage":485,"publishedAt":486,"order":91},"Ulysses Swallowtail","The Ulysses Swallowtail is a large rainforest swallowtail whose iridescent electric-blue wings flash through the canopy of Queensland and New Guinea.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-uliss","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-uliss.png","02.06.2026",{"title":488,"description":489,"path":490,"coverImage":491,"publishedAt":94,"order":91},"White Admiral","The white admiral is an elegant forest butterfly with dark brown wings and a broad white band. It flies in deciduous woods with honeysuckle.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelolentochnik-kamilla","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelolentochnik-kamilla.jpg",{"title":493,"description":494,"path":495,"coverImage":496,"publishedAt":497,"order":91},"Woodland Ringlet","The woodland ringlet (Erebia medusa) is a satyr butterfly of damp meadows across central Europe, with chocolate-brown wings and orange-ringed eyespots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ferebiya-meduza","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ferebiya-meduza.png","27.07.2026",[],[500,502,504],{"label":98,"path":99,"coverImage":165,"latinName":501},"Gonepteryx rhamni",{"label":101,"path":102,"coverImage":180,"latinName":503},"Gonepteryx cleopatra",{"label":110,"path":111,"coverImage":450,"latinName":505},"Coenonympha pamphilus",[507,508,509],{"label":98,"path":99,"coverImage":165,"latinName":501},{"label":101,"path":102,"coverImage":180,"latinName":503},{"label":104,"path":105,"coverImage":510,"latinName":74},"\u002Fimages\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fbelyanki.png",[512,517,522,528,534],{"title":513,"description":514,"path":515,"coverImage":516,"publishedAt":94,"order":95},"Day-flying butterflies","Day-flying butterflies are the most conspicuous Lepidoptera: they fly in sunlight, have club-shaped antennae, and often bright colouration.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fdnevnye-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fdnevnye-babochki.jpg",{"title":518,"description":519,"path":520,"coverImage":521,"publishedAt":94,"order":64},"Nocturnal butterflies and moths","Nocturnal butterflies and moths are a diverse group of Lepidoptera active at dusk and night. There are far more species than among day-flying butterflies.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fnochanye-babochki-i-motylki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fnochanye-babochki-i-motylki.jpg",{"title":523,"description":524,"path":525,"coverImage":526,"publishedAt":94,"order":527},"Large butterflies","Large butterflies impress with wingspan: from the familiar swallowtail to giant birdwings with wings wider than 25 centimetres.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkrupnye-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkrupnye-babochki.jpg",3,{"title":529,"description":530,"path":531,"coverImage":532,"publishedAt":94,"order":533},"Rare butterflies","Rare butterflies — threatened species: Apollo, clouded Apollo, large blue, and other declining Lepidoptera.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fredkie-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fredkie-babochki.jpg",4,{"title":535,"description":536,"path":537,"coverImage":538,"publishedAt":94,"order":539},"How to identify a butterfly species","Step-by-step guide to identifying a butterfly: size, colour, wing shape, antennae, place and time of encounter. Methods without capture and using photographs.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-babochki.jpg",5,1787125907168]