[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":537},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa":3,"alt-locale:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa":87,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy":121,"section-listing:disabled":495,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpavliniy-glaz":496,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa|\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fnimfalidy":503,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek":508},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"conservationStatus":66,"coverImage":67,"description":68,"extension":69,"family":70,"familySlug":71,"faq":72,"hostPlants":79,"imagePrompt":85,"latinName":26,"meta":86,"navigation":87,"order":88,"pageType":89,"path":90,"publishedAt":91,"readingMinutes":92,"relatedLinks":93,"relatedSpecies":103,"season":109,"seo":110,"sitemap":113,"stem":114,"tags":115,"updatedAt":88,"wingspanMm":119,"__hash__":120},"species_en\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa.md","Large Tortoiseshell",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":58},"minimark",[9,14,28,31,35,38,41,45,48,51,55],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"appearance","Appearance",[15,16,17,18,22,23,27],"p",{},"The ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"large tortoiseshell"," (",[24,25,26],"em",{},"Nymphalis polychloros",") is a large nymphalid with a wingspan of 56–72 mm. Upper side tawny brown with a row of black and yellow spots along the forewing leading edge. Dark marginal spots with blue lunules run along all wings — like small tortoiseshell \"eyespots\" but duller.",[15,29,30],{},"Underside dark brown with a marbled pattern. At first glance it resembles small tortoiseshell but is larger and darker.",[10,32,34],{"id":33},"range-and-habitat","Range and habitat",[15,36,37],{},"Found in Europe (except the far north), Asia Minor, Caucasus, and Iran. In Russia in the European part and southern Siberia.",[15,39,40],{},"It lives on edges of deciduous and mixed forest, river floodplains with elm, and orchards. Less common in settlements than small tortoiseshell.",[10,42,44],{"id":43},"life-cycle","Life cycle",[15,46,47],{},"Overwinters as imago in hollows, under bark, and in buildings. Active late June–September. One generation per year.",[15,49,50],{},"Eggs laid in rings around young shoots of elm, poplar, or willow — dense \"sleeves\" of 100–200 eggs. Caterpillars gregarious, dark with yellowish stripes and spines. Pupa angular, brown or greenish.",[10,52,54],{"id":53},"orchards","Orchards",[15,56,57],{},"In fruit orchards caterpillars sometimes strip cherry and apple leaves. Mass outbreaks are uncommon and serious damage to fruit growing is rare.",{"title":59,"searchDepth":60,"depth":60,"links":61},"",2,[62,63,64,65],{"id":12,"depth":60,"text":13},{"id":33,"depth":60,"text":34},{"id":43,"depth":60,"text":44},{"id":53,"depth":60,"text":54},"LC","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa.jpg","The large tortoiseshell is a nymphalid with tawny brown, variegated wings, resembling the small tortoiseshell but bigger, with different host plants.","md","Nymphalidae","nimfalidy",[73,76],{"q":74,"a":75},"How does large tortoiseshell differ from small tortoiseshell?","Large tortoiseshell is bigger (56–72 mm vs. 40–52 mm), more tawny brown. Blue marginal \"eyespots\" are less bright. Main difference is hosts: small tortoiseshell on nettle, large tortoiseshell on trees (elm, poplar, willow, fruit trees).",{"q":77,"a":78},"Where can I find large tortoiseshell?","On edges of mixed and deciduous forest, river floodplains with elm and willow, and in orchards. Less common than small tortoiseshell. Prefers more wooded landscapes.",[80,81,82,83,84],"Elm","Poplar","Willow","Cherry","Apple","Photorealistic macro photography, Nymphalis polychloros large tortoiseshell butterfly on tree bark, tawny orange-brown wings with black and yellow spots and blue marginal dots, natural woodland background, 16:9",{},true,null,"species","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa","01.05.2026",1,[94,97,100],{"label":95,"path":96},"Mourning Cloak","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa",{"label":98,"path":99},"Small Tortoiseshell","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa",{"label":101,"path":102},"Family Nymphalidae","\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fnimfalidy",[104,105,106],{"label":98,"path":99},{"label":95,"path":96},{"label":107,"path":108},"Peacock","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpavliniy-glaz","June — September",{"title":111,"description":112},"Large Tortoiseshell — Photos, Description, vs Small Tortoiseshell","Large tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros): description, photos, difference from small tortoiseshell, caterpillar host plants.",{"loc":90},"vidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa",[116,117,118],"nymphalids","day-flying butterflies","forest butterflies","56-72","r7U3EvCID4Hk4WUUXPKPfZp2-4qsztOw6sSbFO3LM6I",[122,127,132,137,143,149,154,160,165,171,177,182,187,192,198,203,208,214,219,224,229,234,239,245,250,255,260,265,270,275,280,281,286,291,296,301,307,312,318,323,326,331,336,342,347,352,357,362,365,371,377,383,388,394,399,404,409,414,419,424,429,434,439,445,450,455,458,463,468,473,478,484,489],{"title":123,"description":124,"path":125,"coverImage":126,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Amanda's Blue","Amanda's blue is a large blue with vivid blue wings. Males are intense blue without orange lunules, unlike most related species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-amanda","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-amanda.jpg",{"title":128,"description":129,"path":130,"coverImage":131,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Apollo","The Apollo is a large mountain butterfly with semi-transparent white wings and red \"eyespots.\" A protected species listed in the Red Data Book of Russia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo.jpg",{"title":133,"description":134,"path":135,"coverImage":136,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Arran Brown","The Arran brown is a dark brown butterfly of forest edges with characteristic eyespots. A typical member of the genus *Erebia*.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernushka.jpg",{"title":138,"description":139,"path":140,"coverImage":141,"publishedAt":142,"order":88},"Bhutan Glory","The Bhutan Glory is a spectacular Himalayan swallowtail with iridescent tails, found in cool forests of Nepal, Bhutan, and northeast India.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbutanitis-lidderdeylya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbutanitis-lidderdeylya.png","25.07.2026",{"title":144,"description":145,"path":146,"coverImage":147,"publishedAt":148,"order":88},"Black Hairstreak","The Black Hairstreak is one of Europe's most localised butterflies, tied to blackthorn in woodland edges. Its short June–July season makes it easy to miss.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fhvostanka-slivovaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fhvostanka-slivovaya.png","23.06.2026",{"title":150,"description":151,"path":152,"coverImage":153,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Black-veined White","The black-veined white is a large white butterfly with dark wing veins, whose caterpillars overwinter in colonies and strip fruit-tree leaves in spring.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboyaryshnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboyaryshnitsa.jpg",{"title":155,"description":156,"path":157,"coverImage":158,"publishedAt":159,"order":88},"Blue Morpho","The blue morpho is a tropical butterfly with metallic-blue wings up to 130 mm across. Its iridescent sheen comes from nanostructure, not pigment.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-sinij","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-sinij.jpg","24.06.2026",{"title":161,"description":162,"path":163,"coverImage":164,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Brimstone","The brimstone is the first butterfly of spring: males bright yellow, females greenish white. It lives longer than most butterflies — up to 13 months.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa.jpg",{"title":166,"description":167,"path":168,"coverImage":169,"publishedAt":170,"order":88},"Brown Hairstreak","The Brown Hairstreak is one of Europe's most secretive butterflies, living high in tree canopies. Its eggs on blackthorn twigs reveal it in winter.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-berezovyj","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-berezovyj.png","25.06.2026",{"title":172,"description":173,"path":174,"coverImage":175,"publishedAt":176,"order":88},"Cardinal","The cardinal (Argynnis pandora) is the largest Mediterranean fritillary — its hindwing underside suffused with crimson, giving the species its English name.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-pandora","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-pandora.png","12.08.2026",{"title":178,"description":179,"path":180,"coverImage":181,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Cleopatra","Cleopatra is a large butterfly of southern Russia and the Mediterranean. Males have a bright orange patch on the forewing — the most vivid of the brimstones.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra.jpg",{"title":183,"description":184,"path":185,"coverImage":186,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Clouded Apollo","The clouded Apollo is a rare mountain butterfly with white semi-transparent wings and black spots. Listed in Red Data Books of many regions of Russia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina.jpg",{"title":188,"description":189,"path":190,"coverImage":191,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Comma","The comma is a butterfly with uneven, 'ragged' wing margins. On the underside of the hindwings is a white mark shaped like a comma — its second common name.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fugolnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fugolnitsa.jpg",{"title":193,"description":194,"path":195,"coverImage":196,"publishedAt":197,"order":88},"Common Birdwing","The Common Birdwing is one of the most widespread true birdwings, giant iridescent swallowtails found from South Asia to the western Pacific.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-elena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-elena.png","20.07.2026",{"title":199,"description":200,"path":201,"coverImage":202,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Common Blue","The common blue is one of the most widespread blues of the temperate zone and Eurasia. Males are intensely blue, females brown. It occurs on any meadow with clover.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-ikarus","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-ikarus.jpg",{"title":204,"description":205,"path":206,"coverImage":207,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Dark Green Fritillary","The dark green fritillary is a meadow butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. The underside of the hindwings is dark green with silvery triangular spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-aglaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-aglaya.jpg",{"title":209,"description":210,"path":211,"coverImage":212,"publishedAt":213,"order":88},"Death's-head Hawkmoth","The death's-head hawkmoth is a dramatic sphingid with a skull-like thorax pattern, powerful flight, and a squeak when disturbed — a regular migrant to Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmertvaya-golova","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmertvaya-golova.png","12.06.2026",{"title":215,"description":216,"path":217,"coverImage":218,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Dryad","The dryad is a large dark butterfly of the browns with bluish eyespots, living in floodplain forests and reed beds across Eurasia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-driad","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-driad.jpg",{"title":220,"description":221,"path":222,"coverImage":223,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"False Heath Fritillary","The false heath fritillary is a small meadow butterfly with a checkered pattern. It inhabits damp meadows with valerian — the main caterpillar host plant.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-diktinna","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-diktinna.jpg",{"title":225,"description":226,"path":227,"coverImage":228,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Glanville Fritillary","The Glanville fritillary is a small butterfly with a checkered pattern of reddish and black patches — a classic subject of population ecology research.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-cinxia","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-cinxia.jpg",{"title":230,"description":231,"path":232,"coverImage":233,"publishedAt":159,"order":88},"Glasswing Butterfly","The glasswing butterfly Greta oto is a nymphalid with transparent wings lacking scales in the center — a master of camouflage in Central American forests.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsteklyannaya-babochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsteklyannaya-babochka.jpg",{"title":235,"description":236,"path":237,"coverImage":238,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Grayling","The grayling is a large brown of rocky and sandy places. A master of camouflage: on stone or bark it is almost invisible.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-semele","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-semele.jpg",{"title":240,"description":241,"path":242,"coverImage":243,"publishedAt":244,"order":88},"Great Peacock Moth","The great peacock moth is Europe's largest nocturnal moth — a saturniid with a wingspan up to 15 cm, striking eyespots, and antennae detecting females afar.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoj-pavlinij-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoj-pavlinij-glaz.png","29.05.2026",{"title":246,"description":247,"path":248,"coverImage":249,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Green Hairstreak","The green hairstreak is a small blue with bright emerald-green undersides. Widespread in Europe and Asia, it lives on edges and rough ground.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbronzovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbronzovka.jpg",{"title":251,"description":252,"path":253,"coverImage":254,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Green-underside Blue","The green-underside blue is a small spring blue. The underside of the hindwings is bright green with white-ringed spots, making it easy to identify.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-aleksis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-aleksis.jpg",{"title":256,"description":257,"path":258,"coverImage":259,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Green-veined White","The green-veined white is a small white with characteristic green veins on the underside of the hindwings. The most common of the three \"garden whites.\"","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbryukvennitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbryukvennitsa.jpg",{"title":261,"description":262,"path":263,"coverImage":264,"publishedAt":159,"order":88},"Heliconius Melpomene","Heliconius melpomene is a tropical nymphalid with red-and-black wings, a classic example of Müllerian mimicry, inhabiting Central and South American forests.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgelikoniya-melpomena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgelikoniya-melpomena.jpg",{"title":266,"description":267,"path":268,"coverImage":269,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Hercules Grayling","The Hercules grayling is a large mountain brown. It is close to the grayling but larger and lives in more rocky, mountainous landscapes.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-gerkules","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-gerkules.jpg",{"title":271,"description":272,"path":273,"coverImage":274,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"High Brown Fritillary","The high brown fritillary is a large meadow and woodland butterfly. The underside of the hindwings is green with silvery spots and reddish strokes.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-adippe","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-adippe.jpg",{"title":276,"description":277,"path":278,"coverImage":279,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Large Blue","The large blue is a big blue butterfly with an unusual life cycle: the caterpillar parasitizes colonies of red ants. A protected species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-arion","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-arion.jpg",{"title":5,"description":68,"path":90,"coverImage":67,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},{"title":282,"description":283,"path":284,"coverImage":285,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Large White","The large white is the commonest white butterfly in gardens, whose caterpillars eat cabbage. Larger than the small white, with dark wing spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkapustnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkapustnitsa.jpg",{"title":287,"description":288,"path":289,"coverImage":290,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Lesser Purple Emperor","The lesser purple emperor is a close relative of the purple emperor. It is smaller, with a warmer reddish tint and a larger orange 'eyespot' on the hindwings.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iliya.jpg",{"title":292,"description":293,"path":294,"coverImage":295,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Marbled Fritillary","The marbled fritillary (*Brenthis ino*) is a small fritillary of wet meadows. The underside of the hindwings is mottled yellow-violet with pearly spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbrenthis-ino","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbrenthis-ino.jpg",{"title":297,"description":298,"path":299,"coverImage":300,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Marbled White","The marbled white is a large black-and-white butterfly. Its bold contrast makes it one of Europe's most recognizable species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-galatea","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-galatea.jpg",{"title":302,"description":303,"path":304,"coverImage":305,"publishedAt":306,"order":88},"Meadow Brown","The meadow brown is the commonest butterfly in Britain and one of Europe's most abundant, with a distinctive forewing eyespot.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fvolovij-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fvolovij-glaz.png","21.06.2026",{"title":308,"description":309,"path":310,"coverImage":311,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Meleager's Blue","Meleager's blue is a large, handsome blue. Males are bright blue with a broad dark border; the underside of the wings has a characteristic white streak.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-dafnis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-dafnis.jpg",{"title":313,"description":314,"path":315,"coverImage":316,"publishedAt":317,"order":88},"Mocker Swallowtail","The Mocker Swallowtail is an African swallowtail famous for females with dozens of forms, each mimicking a different distasteful butterfly.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-dardan","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-dardan.png","23.07.2026",{"title":319,"description":320,"path":321,"coverImage":322,"publishedAt":159,"order":88},"Monarch","The monarch is the world's most famous migratory butterfly, covering up to 4,500 km per season, with orange wings marked by black veins and white spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmonarh","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmonarh.jpg",{"title":95,"description":324,"path":96,"coverImage":325,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"The mourning cloak is a large butterfly with dark chocolate wings bordered by a yellow band and blue spots — one of Europe's longest-lived butterflies.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa.jpg",{"title":327,"description":328,"path":329,"coverImage":330,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Nickerl's Fritillary","Nickerl's fritillary is a small butterfly with the typical checkered nymphalid pattern, occurring on dry meadows with plantain in European Russia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-aurelia","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-aurelia.jpg",{"title":332,"description":333,"path":334,"coverImage":335,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Old World Swallowtail","The Old World swallowtail is a large, recognizable swallowtail of the temperate zone: yellow wings, black pattern, and bright 'tails' on the hindwings.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmahon","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmahon.jpg",{"title":337,"description":338,"path":339,"coverImage":340,"publishedAt":341,"order":88},"Oleander Hawkmoth","The oleander hawkmoth is a tropical sphingid, apple-green with pink bands, hovering at dusk over oleander. A Mediterranean resident, rare vagrant to Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbraznik-oleandrovy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbraznik-oleandrovy.png","09.06.2026",{"title":343,"description":344,"path":345,"coverImage":346,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Orange Tip","The orange tip is an early-spring white with an orange patch on the male's forewing. One of the first pierids to appear after snow melt.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzoryanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzoryanka.jpg",{"title":348,"description":349,"path":350,"coverImage":351,"publishedAt":159,"order":88},"Owl Butterfly","The owl butterfly Caligo memnon is a crepuscular nymphalid with large 'owl eyes' on its wing undersides, wingspan to 150 mm, in Central and South America.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsovinnaya-babochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsovinnaya-babochka.jpg",{"title":353,"description":354,"path":355,"coverImage":356,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Painted Lady","The painted lady is one of the longest-distance migrants among butterflies. Each year it travels thousands of kilometres from Africa into Europe and temperate Eurasia across its range.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepeynitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepeynitsa.jpg",{"title":358,"description":359,"path":360,"coverImage":361,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Pale Clouded Yellow","The pale clouded yellow is a yellow or whitish pierid. Males are lemon yellow, females often white. It lives on meadows with clover.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya.jpg",{"title":107,"description":363,"path":108,"coverImage":364,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"The peacock is one of the most beautiful temperate-zone butterflies. Four large wing 'eyes' mimic a predator's gaze, protecting it from birds.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpavliniy-glaz.jpg",{"title":366,"description":367,"path":368,"coverImage":369,"publishedAt":370,"order":88},"Pearl Heath","The pearl heath (Coenonympha arcania) is a small satyr butterfly of Central and Southern Europe, with a white postdiscal stripe and silver-ringed eyespots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-arkaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-arkaniya.png","04.08.2026",{"title":372,"description":373,"path":374,"coverImage":375,"publishedAt":376,"order":88},"Peleides Blue Morpho","The Peleides blue morpho is one of the largest, brightest butterflies alive — its iridescent blue wings, up to 20 cm, come from light-scattering nanostructures.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-peleid","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-peleid.png","10.08.2026",{"title":378,"description":379,"path":380,"coverImage":381,"publishedAt":382,"order":88},"Plain Tiger","The Plain Tiger (Danaus chrysippus) is among the world's most widely distributed butterflies, ranging from Africa to South Asia and Australia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fdanajida-hrizipp","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fdanajida-hrizipp.png","16.06.2026",{"title":384,"description":385,"path":386,"coverImage":387,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Poplar Admiral","The poplar admiral is a large forest butterfly with dark wings and a white band. Males aggressively defend territory in tree crowns.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi.jpg",{"title":389,"description":390,"path":391,"coverImage":392,"publishedAt":393,"order":88},"Priam's Birdwing","Priam's Birdwing is one of the largest, most spectacular butterflies. Males show iridescent green and black wings; larger females are brown and yellow.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-priam","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-priam.png","05.06.2026",{"title":395,"description":396,"path":397,"coverImage":398,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Purple Emperor","The purple emperor is one of the most beautiful butterflies in Europe. The male's wings shimmer with violet-blue iridescence in certain light.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris.jpg",{"title":400,"description":401,"path":402,"coverImage":403,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Purple Hairstreak","The purple hairstreak is a small lycaenid with emerald-green undersides, living in oak woodland across Europe, most active high in the canopy.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-dubovyi","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-dubovyi.jpg",{"title":405,"description":406,"path":407,"coverImage":408,"publishedAt":159,"order":88},"Queen Alexandra's Birdwing","Queen Alexandra's birdwing is the world's largest day-flying butterfly, female wingspan up to 280 mm. Lives only in Papua New Guinea; endangered.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-aleksandry","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-aleksandry.jpg",{"title":410,"description":411,"path":412,"coverImage":413,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Queen of Spain Fritillary","The queen of Spain fritillary is a small butterfly with numerous silvery spots on the hindwing underside, occurring from lowlands to mountains.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-malaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-malaya.jpg",{"title":415,"description":416,"path":417,"coverImage":418,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Red Admiral","The red admiral is a migratory butterfly with dark brown wings and a scarlet band. Each summer it migrates into temperate Eurasia, reaching the northern part of its range from the Mediterranean.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral.jpg",{"title":420,"description":421,"path":422,"coverImage":423,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Scarce Swallowtail","The scarce swallowtail is a large swallowtail with cream-yellow wings and characteristic dark stripes. It is conspicuous in May in fruit orchards.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpodalirii","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpodalirii.jpg",{"title":425,"description":426,"path":427,"coverImage":428,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Silver-washed Fritillary","The silver-washed fritillary is a large woodland butterfly with orange wings. The underside of the hindwings shimmers with silvery pearl-like spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-bolshaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-bolshaya.jpg",{"title":430,"description":431,"path":432,"coverImage":433,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Apollo","The small Apollo is a mountain Papilio with white wings similar to the Apollo but smaller. It lives in high mountains of the Altai, Siberia, and Central Asia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ffeby","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ffeby.jpg",{"title":435,"description":436,"path":437,"coverImage":438,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Blue","The small blue is the smallest blue in Europe, with inconspicuous gray wings in both sexes; it lives on poor dry meadows with vetch.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkupidok","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkupidok.jpg",{"title":440,"description":441,"path":442,"coverImage":443,"publishedAt":444,"order":88},"Small Copper","The small copper is one of Europe's most vivid small butterflies — fiery orange-copper forewings flash in sun across meadows and heathlands worldwide.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchervonet-ognennyj","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchervonet-ognennyj.png","19.06.2026",{"title":446,"description":447,"path":448,"coverImage":449,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Heath","The small heath is a small reddish-brown butterfly of open meadows. It is one of the most abundant browns and occurs almost everywhere.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-obyknovennaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-obyknovennaya.jpg",{"title":451,"description":452,"path":453,"coverImage":454,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary","The small pearl-bordered fritillary is a small fritillary of wet meadows, with clear white and rusty spots in a pattern on the hindwing underside.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboloria-selene","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboloria-selene.jpg",{"title":98,"description":456,"path":99,"coverImage":457,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"The small tortoiseshell is one of the most common day-flying butterflies of the temperate zone, with bright orange wings, black spots, and blue marginal 'eyes'.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa.jpg",{"title":459,"description":460,"path":461,"coverImage":462,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small White","The small white is a small white butterfly similar to the large white, whose caterpillars feed on cabbage — the most common garden pest among the whites.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepnitsa.jpg",{"title":464,"description":465,"path":466,"coverImage":467,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Southern Festoon","The southern festoon is an early-spring butterfly of southern Russia with cream wings and red spots — one of the first swallowtails to fly each year.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolyksena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolyksena.jpg",{"title":469,"description":470,"path":471,"coverImage":472,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Southern Swallowtail","The southern swallowtail is a rare Papilio with yellow-and-black wings, living in mountain areas of the Caucasus and Crimea, very seldom seen.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Falexanor","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Falexanor.jpg",{"title":474,"description":475,"path":476,"coverImage":477,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Speckled Wood","The speckled wood is a mottled orange-brown butterfly of shady woods, preferring partial shade and damp forest paths across much of Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-egeriya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-egeriya.jpg",{"title":479,"description":480,"path":481,"coverImage":482,"publishedAt":483,"order":88},"Ulysses Swallowtail","The Ulysses Swallowtail is a large rainforest swallowtail whose iridescent electric-blue wings flash through the canopy of Queensland and New Guinea.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-uliss","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-uliss.png","02.06.2026",{"title":485,"description":486,"path":487,"coverImage":488,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"White Admiral","The white admiral is an elegant forest butterfly with dark brown wings and a broad white band. It flies in deciduous woods with honeysuckle.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelolentochnik-kamilla","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelolentochnik-kamilla.jpg",{"title":490,"description":491,"path":492,"coverImage":493,"publishedAt":494,"order":88},"Woodland Ringlet","The woodland ringlet (Erebia medusa) is a satyr butterfly of damp meadows across central Europe, with chocolate-brown wings and orange-ringed eyespots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ferebiya-meduza","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ferebiya-meduza.png","27.07.2026",[],[497,499,501],{"label":98,"path":99,"coverImage":457,"latinName":498},"Aglais urticae",{"label":95,"path":96,"coverImage":325,"latinName":500},"Nymphalis antiopa",{"label":107,"path":108,"coverImage":364,"latinName":502},"Aglais io",[504,505,506],{"label":95,"path":96,"coverImage":325,"latinName":500},{"label":98,"path":99,"coverImage":457,"latinName":498},{"label":101,"path":102,"coverImage":507,"latinName":70},"\u002Fimages\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fnimfalidy.png",[509,514,519,525,531],{"title":510,"description":511,"path":512,"coverImage":513,"publishedAt":91,"order":92},"Day-flying butterflies","Day-flying butterflies are the most conspicuous Lepidoptera: they fly in sunlight, have club-shaped antennae, and often bright colouration.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fdnevnye-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fdnevnye-babochki.jpg",{"title":515,"description":516,"path":517,"coverImage":518,"publishedAt":91,"order":60},"Nocturnal butterflies and moths","Nocturnal butterflies and moths are a diverse group of Lepidoptera active at dusk and night. There are far more species than among day-flying butterflies.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fnochanye-babochki-i-motylki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fnochanye-babochki-i-motylki.jpg",{"title":520,"description":521,"path":522,"coverImage":523,"publishedAt":91,"order":524},"Large butterflies","Large butterflies impress with wingspan: from the familiar swallowtail to giant birdwings with wings wider than 25 centimetres.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkrupnye-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkrupnye-babochki.jpg",3,{"title":526,"description":527,"path":528,"coverImage":529,"publishedAt":91,"order":530},"Rare butterflies","Rare butterflies — threatened species: Apollo, clouded Apollo, large blue, and other declining Lepidoptera.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fredkie-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fredkie-babochki.jpg",4,{"title":532,"description":533,"path":534,"coverImage":535,"publishedAt":91,"order":536},"How to identify a butterfly species","Step-by-step guide to identifying a butterfly: size, colour, wing shape, antennae, place and time of encounter. Methods without capture and using photographs.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-babochki.jpg",5,1787125901798]