[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":539},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina":3,"alt-locale:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina":87,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy":124,"section-listing:disabled":496,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmahon|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpodalirii":497,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ffeby|\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fparusniki":504,"section-listing:species_en:\u002Fvidy-babochek":510},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"conservationStatus":69,"coverImage":70,"description":71,"extension":72,"family":73,"familySlug":74,"faq":75,"hostPlants":82,"imagePrompt":85,"latinName":26,"meta":86,"navigation":87,"order":88,"pageType":89,"path":90,"publishedAt":91,"readingMinutes":92,"relatedLinks":93,"relatedSpecies":103,"season":111,"seo":112,"sitemap":115,"stem":116,"tags":117,"updatedAt":88,"wingspanMm":122,"__hash__":123},"species_en\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina.md","Clouded Apollo",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":61},"minimark",[9,14,28,31,34,38,41,44,48,51,54,58],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"appearance","Appearance",[15,16,17,18,22,23,27],"p",{},"The ",[19,20,21],"strong",{},"clouded Apollo"," (",[24,25,26],"em",{},"Parnassius mnemosyne",") is a butterfly with a wingspan of 46–62 mm. Wings are white, semi-transparent, with several black spots. Unlike Apollo, there are no red \"eyespots\" — only black spots and a grayish smoky wing border.",[15,29,30],{},"The body is covered with pale hairs. Wings lack \"tails.\" Females often have smokier wings; males are cleaner white.",[15,32,33],{},"Large transparent areas make the clouded Apollo one of the most \"airy\" butterflies in Europe.",[10,35,37],{"id":36},"range-and-habitat","Range and habitat",[15,39,40],{},"Found in Europe and Asia. In Russia in the European part, the Urals, Caucasus, and Siberia. Tied to broadleaved forest and mountain valleys with corydalis.",[15,42,43],{},"Typical habitat is shady ravines and beech forest with rich herb layer where corydalis flowers in April–May.",[10,45,47],{"id":46},"life-cycle","Life cycle",[15,49,50],{},"One generation per year. Flight May–July.",[15,52,53],{},"Eggs are laid in soil or leaf litter near corydalis. The caterpillar hatches in spring and is active only briefly — until corydalis wilts. Egg or young caterpillar overwinters. Pupa forms in a loose cocoon in litter.",[10,55,57],{"id":56},"conservation","Conservation",[15,59,60],{},"Not on the 2020 federal Red Data Book of Russia list; protected in regional Red Books, the Bern Convention, and the EU Habitats Directive. European IUCN status is NT (Near Threatened); there is no global assessment. Not listed on CITES. The main threat is logging of broadleaved forest with corydalis.",{"title":62,"searchDepth":63,"depth":63,"links":64},"",2,[65,66,67,68],{"id":12,"depth":63,"text":13},{"id":36,"depth":63,"text":37},{"id":46,"depth":63,"text":47},{"id":56,"depth":63,"text":57},"NT","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina.jpg","The clouded Apollo is a rare mountain butterfly with white semi-transparent wings and black spots. Listed in Red Data Books of many regions of Russia.","md","Papilionidae","parusniki",[76,79],{"q":77,"a":78},"How does clouded Apollo differ from Apollo?","Clouded Apollo lacks red \"eyespots\" on the hindwings — only black spots on white. It is smaller (46–62 mm vs. 58–86 mm), with narrower, more elongate wings. Host plants differ: Apollo eats stonecrops, clouded Apollo eats corydalis.",{"q":80,"a":81},"Why is clouded Apollo rare?","It strictly depends on hollowwort — an ephemeral plant that disappears by summer. After the caterpillar stage there is only one adult flight. Loss of broadleaved forest with corydalis, grazing, and collecting are causes of vulnerability.",[83,84],"Hollowwort","Dense-flowered corydalis","Photorealistic macro photography, Parnassius mnemosyne clouded Apollo butterfly on alpine flowers, white translucent wings with black spots only (no red spots like apollo), delicate appearance, mountain meadow setting, 16:9",{},true,null,"species","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina","01.05.2026",1,[94,97,100],{"label":95,"path":96},"Apollo","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo",{"label":98,"path":99},"Small Apollo","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ffeby",{"label":101,"path":102},"Family Papilionidae","\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fparusniki",[104,105,108],{"label":95,"path":96},{"label":106,"path":107},"Old World Swallowtail","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmahon",{"label":109,"path":110},"Scarce Swallowtail","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpodalirii","May — July",{"title":113,"description":114},"Clouded Apollo — Photos, Description, Red Data Book","Clouded Apollo (Parnassius mnemosyne): description, photos, difference from Apollo, conservation status, host plants — corydalis.",{"loc":90},"vidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnemozina",[118,119,120,121],"swallowtails","rare butterflies","red-listed species","mountain butterflies","46-62","Ca2Y1RAOnUcsb3UxboQHbb1aOyqhzDPVAVhfEaVLTho",[125,130,133,138,144,150,155,161,166,172,178,183,184,189,195,200,205,211,216,221,226,231,236,242,247,252,257,262,267,272,277,282,287,292,297,302,308,313,319,324,329,334,337,343,348,353,358,363,368,374,380,386,391,397,402,407,412,417,422,425,430,433,438,444,449,454,459,464,469,474,479,485,490],{"title":126,"description":127,"path":128,"coverImage":129,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Amanda's Blue","Amanda's blue is a large blue with vivid blue wings. Males are intense blue without orange lunules, unlike most related species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-amanda","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-amanda.jpg",{"title":95,"description":131,"path":96,"coverImage":132,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"The Apollo is a large mountain butterfly with semi-transparent white wings and red \"eyespots.\" A protected species listed in the Red Data Book of Russia.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fapollo.jpg",{"title":134,"description":135,"path":136,"coverImage":137,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Arran Brown","The Arran brown is a dark brown butterfly of forest edges with characteristic eyespots. A typical member of the genus *Erebia*.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernushka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchernushka.jpg",{"title":139,"description":140,"path":141,"coverImage":142,"publishedAt":143,"order":88},"Bhutan Glory","The Bhutan Glory is a spectacular Himalayan swallowtail with iridescent tails, found in cool forests of Nepal, Bhutan, and northeast India.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbutanitis-lidderdeylya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbutanitis-lidderdeylya.png","25.07.2026",{"title":145,"description":146,"path":147,"coverImage":148,"publishedAt":149,"order":88},"Black Hairstreak","The Black Hairstreak is one of Europe's most localised butterflies, tied to blackthorn in woodland edges. Its short June–July season makes it easy to miss.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fhvostanka-slivovaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fhvostanka-slivovaya.png","23.06.2026",{"title":151,"description":152,"path":153,"coverImage":154,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Black-veined White","The black-veined white is a large white butterfly with dark wing veins, whose caterpillars overwinter in colonies and strip fruit-tree leaves in spring.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboyaryshnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboyaryshnitsa.jpg",{"title":156,"description":157,"path":158,"coverImage":159,"publishedAt":160,"order":88},"Blue Morpho","The blue morpho is a tropical butterfly with metallic-blue wings up to 130 mm across. Its iridescent sheen comes from nanostructure, not pigment.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-sinij","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-sinij.jpg","24.06.2026",{"title":162,"description":163,"path":164,"coverImage":165,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Brimstone","The brimstone is the first butterfly of spring: males bright yellow, females greenish white. It lives longer than most butterflies — up to 13 months.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flimonnitsa.jpg",{"title":167,"description":168,"path":169,"coverImage":170,"publishedAt":171,"order":88},"Brown Hairstreak","The Brown Hairstreak is one of Europe's most secretive butterflies, living high in tree canopies. Its eggs on blackthorn twigs reveal it in winter.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-berezovyj","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-berezovyj.png","25.06.2026",{"title":173,"description":174,"path":175,"coverImage":176,"publishedAt":177,"order":88},"Cardinal","The cardinal (Argynnis pandora) is the largest Mediterranean fritillary — its hindwing underside suffused with crimson, giving the species its English name.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-pandora","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-pandora.png","12.08.2026",{"title":179,"description":180,"path":181,"coverImage":182,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Cleopatra","Cleopatra is a large butterfly of southern Russia and the Mediterranean. Males have a bright orange patch on the forewing — the most vivid of the brimstones.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-kleopatra.jpg",{"title":5,"description":71,"path":90,"coverImage":70,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},{"title":185,"description":186,"path":187,"coverImage":188,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Comma","The comma is a butterfly with uneven, 'ragged' wing margins. On the underside of the hindwings is a white mark shaped like a comma — its second common name.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fugolnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fugolnitsa.jpg",{"title":190,"description":191,"path":192,"coverImage":193,"publishedAt":194,"order":88},"Common Birdwing","The Common Birdwing is one of the most widespread true birdwings, giant iridescent swallowtails found from South Asia to the western Pacific.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-elena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-elena.png","20.07.2026",{"title":196,"description":197,"path":198,"coverImage":199,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Common Blue","The common blue is one of the most widespread blues of the temperate zone and Eurasia. Males are intensely blue, females brown. It occurs on any meadow with clover.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-ikarus","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-ikarus.jpg",{"title":201,"description":202,"path":203,"coverImage":204,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Dark Green Fritillary","The dark green fritillary is a meadow butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. The underside of the hindwings is dark green with silvery triangular spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-aglaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-aglaya.jpg",{"title":206,"description":207,"path":208,"coverImage":209,"publishedAt":210,"order":88},"Death's-head Hawkmoth","The death's-head hawkmoth is a dramatic sphingid with a skull-like thorax pattern, powerful flight, and a squeak when disturbed — a regular migrant to Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmertvaya-golova","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmertvaya-golova.png","12.06.2026",{"title":212,"description":213,"path":214,"coverImage":215,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Dryad","The dryad is a large dark butterfly of the browns with bluish eyespots, living in floodplain forests and reed beds across Eurasia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-driad","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-driad.jpg",{"title":217,"description":218,"path":219,"coverImage":220,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"False Heath Fritillary","The false heath fritillary is a small meadow butterfly with a checkered pattern. It inhabits damp meadows with valerian — the main caterpillar host plant.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-diktinna","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-diktinna.jpg",{"title":222,"description":223,"path":224,"coverImage":225,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Glanville Fritillary","The Glanville fritillary is a small butterfly with a checkered pattern of reddish and black patches — a classic subject of population ecology research.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-cinxia","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-cinxia.jpg",{"title":227,"description":228,"path":229,"coverImage":230,"publishedAt":160,"order":88},"Glasswing Butterfly","The glasswing butterfly Greta oto is a nymphalid with transparent wings lacking scales in the center — a master of camouflage in Central American forests.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsteklyannaya-babochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsteklyannaya-babochka.jpg",{"title":232,"description":233,"path":234,"coverImage":235,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Grayling","The grayling is a large brown of rocky and sandy places. A master of camouflage: on stone or bark it is almost invisible.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-semele","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-semele.jpg",{"title":237,"description":238,"path":239,"coverImage":240,"publishedAt":241,"order":88},"Great Peacock Moth","The great peacock moth is Europe's largest nocturnal moth — a saturniid with a wingspan up to 15 cm, striking eyespots, and antennae detecting females afar.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoj-pavlinij-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbolshoj-pavlinij-glaz.png","29.05.2026",{"title":243,"description":244,"path":245,"coverImage":246,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Green Hairstreak","The green hairstreak is a small blue with bright emerald-green undersides. Widespread in Europe and Asia, it lives on edges and rough ground.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbronzovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbronzovka.jpg",{"title":248,"description":249,"path":250,"coverImage":251,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Green-underside Blue","The green-underside blue is a small spring blue. The underside of the hindwings is bright green with white-ringed spots, making it easy to identify.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-aleksis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-aleksis.jpg",{"title":253,"description":254,"path":255,"coverImage":256,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Green-veined White","The green-veined white is a small white with characteristic green veins on the underside of the hindwings. The most common of the three \"garden whites.\"","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbryukvennitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbryukvennitsa.jpg",{"title":258,"description":259,"path":260,"coverImage":261,"publishedAt":160,"order":88},"Heliconius Melpomene","Heliconius melpomene is a tropical nymphalid with red-and-black wings, a classic example of Müllerian mimicry, inhabiting Central and South American forests.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgelikoniya-melpomena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgelikoniya-melpomena.jpg",{"title":263,"description":264,"path":265,"coverImage":266,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Hercules Grayling","The Hercules grayling is a large mountain brown. It is close to the grayling but larger and lives in more rocky, mountainous landscapes.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-gerkules","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsatir-gerkules.jpg",{"title":268,"description":269,"path":270,"coverImage":271,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"High Brown Fritillary","The high brown fritillary is a large meadow and woodland butterfly. The underside of the hindwings is green with silvery spots and reddish strokes.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-adippe","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-adippe.jpg",{"title":273,"description":274,"path":275,"coverImage":276,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Large Blue","The large blue is a big blue butterfly with an unusual life cycle: the caterpillar parasitizes colonies of red ants. A protected species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-arion","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-arion.jpg",{"title":278,"description":279,"path":280,"coverImage":281,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Large Tortoiseshell","The large tortoiseshell is a nymphalid with tawny brown, variegated wings, resembling the small tortoiseshell but bigger, with different host plants.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmnogotsvetnitsa.jpg",{"title":283,"description":284,"path":285,"coverImage":286,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Large White","The large white is the commonest white butterfly in gardens, whose caterpillars eat cabbage. Larger than the small white, with dark wing spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkapustnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkapustnitsa.jpg",{"title":288,"description":289,"path":290,"coverImage":291,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Lesser Purple Emperor","The lesser purple emperor is a close relative of the purple emperor. It is smaller, with a warmer reddish tint and a larger orange 'eyespot' on the hindwings.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iliya.jpg",{"title":293,"description":294,"path":295,"coverImage":296,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Marbled Fritillary","The marbled fritillary (*Brenthis ino*) is a small fritillary of wet meadows. The underside of the hindwings is mottled yellow-violet with pearly spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbrenthis-ino","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbrenthis-ino.jpg",{"title":298,"description":299,"path":300,"coverImage":301,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Marbled White","The marbled white is a large black-and-white butterfly. Its bold contrast makes it one of Europe's most recognizable species.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-galatea","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-galatea.jpg",{"title":303,"description":304,"path":305,"coverImage":306,"publishedAt":307,"order":88},"Meadow Brown","The meadow brown is the commonest butterfly in Britain and one of Europe's most abundant, with a distinctive forewing eyespot.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fvolovij-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fvolovij-glaz.png","21.06.2026",{"title":309,"description":310,"path":311,"coverImage":312,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Meleager's Blue","Meleager's blue is a large, handsome blue. Males are bright blue with a broad dark border; the underside of the wings has a characteristic white streak.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-dafnis","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fgolubyanka-dafnis.jpg",{"title":314,"description":315,"path":316,"coverImage":317,"publishedAt":318,"order":88},"Mocker Swallowtail","The Mocker Swallowtail is an African swallowtail famous for females with dozens of forms, each mimicking a different distasteful butterfly.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-dardan","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-dardan.png","23.07.2026",{"title":320,"description":321,"path":322,"coverImage":323,"publishedAt":160,"order":88},"Monarch","The monarch is the world's most famous migratory butterfly, covering up to 4,500 km per season, with orange wings marked by black veins and white spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmonarh","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmonarh.jpg",{"title":325,"description":326,"path":327,"coverImage":328,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Mourning Cloak","The mourning cloak is a large butterfly with dark chocolate wings bordered by a yellow band and blue spots — one of Europe's longest-lived butterflies.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ftraurnitsa.jpg",{"title":330,"description":331,"path":332,"coverImage":333,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Nickerl's Fritillary","Nickerl's fritillary is a small butterfly with the typical checkered nymphalid pattern, occurring on dry meadows with plantain in European Russia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-aurelia","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fshashechnitsa-aurelia.jpg",{"title":106,"description":335,"path":107,"coverImage":336,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"The Old World swallowtail is a large, recognizable swallowtail of the temperate zone: yellow wings, black pattern, and bright 'tails' on the hindwings.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmahon.jpg",{"title":338,"description":339,"path":340,"coverImage":341,"publishedAt":342,"order":88},"Oleander Hawkmoth","The oleander hawkmoth is a tropical sphingid, apple-green with pink bands, hovering at dusk over oleander. A Mediterranean resident, rare vagrant to Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbraznik-oleandrovy","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbraznik-oleandrovy.png","09.06.2026",{"title":344,"description":345,"path":346,"coverImage":347,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Orange Tip","The orange tip is an early-spring white with an orange patch on the male's forewing. One of the first pierids to appear after snow melt.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzoryanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzoryanka.jpg",{"title":349,"description":350,"path":351,"coverImage":352,"publishedAt":160,"order":88},"Owl Butterfly","The owl butterfly Caligo memnon is a crepuscular nymphalid with large 'owl eyes' on its wing undersides, wingspan to 150 mm, in Central and South America.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsovinnaya-babochka","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsovinnaya-babochka.jpg",{"title":354,"description":355,"path":356,"coverImage":357,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Painted Lady","The painted lady is one of the longest-distance migrants among butterflies. Each year it travels thousands of kilometres from Africa into Europe and temperate Eurasia across its range.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepeynitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepeynitsa.jpg",{"title":359,"description":360,"path":361,"coverImage":362,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Pale Clouded Yellow","The pale clouded yellow is a yellow or whitish pierid. Males are lemon yellow, females often white. It lives on meadows with clover.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzheltushka-lugovaya.jpg",{"title":364,"description":365,"path":366,"coverImage":367,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Peacock","The peacock is one of the most beautiful temperate-zone butterflies. Four large wing 'eyes' mimic a predator's gaze, protecting it from birds.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpavliniy-glaz","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpavliniy-glaz.jpg",{"title":369,"description":370,"path":371,"coverImage":372,"publishedAt":373,"order":88},"Pearl Heath","The pearl heath (Coenonympha arcania) is a small satyr butterfly of Central and Southern Europe, with a white postdiscal stripe and silver-ringed eyespots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-arkaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-arkaniya.png","04.08.2026",{"title":375,"description":376,"path":377,"coverImage":378,"publishedAt":379,"order":88},"Peleides Blue Morpho","The Peleides blue morpho is one of the largest, brightest butterflies alive — its iridescent blue wings, up to 20 cm, come from light-scattering nanostructures.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-peleid","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fmorfo-peleid.png","10.08.2026",{"title":381,"description":382,"path":383,"coverImage":384,"publishedAt":385,"order":88},"Plain Tiger","The Plain Tiger (Danaus chrysippus) is among the world's most widely distributed butterflies, ranging from Africa to South Asia and Australia.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fdanajida-hrizipp","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fdanajida-hrizipp.png","16.06.2026",{"title":387,"description":388,"path":389,"coverImage":390,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Poplar Admiral","The poplar admiral is a large forest butterfly with dark wings and a white band. Males aggressively defend territory in tree crowns.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi.jpg",{"title":392,"description":393,"path":394,"coverImage":395,"publishedAt":396,"order":88},"Priam's Birdwing","Priam's Birdwing is one of the largest, most spectacular butterflies. Males show iridescent green and black wings; larger females are brown and yellow.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-priam","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-priam.png","05.06.2026",{"title":398,"description":399,"path":400,"coverImage":401,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Purple Emperor","The purple emperor is one of the most beautiful butterflies in Europe. The male's wings shimmer with violet-blue iridescence in certain light.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris.jpg",{"title":403,"description":404,"path":405,"coverImage":406,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Purple Hairstreak","The purple hairstreak is a small lycaenid with emerald-green undersides, living in oak woodland across Europe, most active high in the canopy.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-dubovyi","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fzefir-dubovyi.jpg",{"title":408,"description":409,"path":410,"coverImage":411,"publishedAt":160,"order":88},"Queen Alexandra's Birdwing","Queen Alexandra's birdwing is the world's largest day-flying butterfly, female wingspan up to 280 mm. Lives only in Papua New Guinea; endangered.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-aleksandry","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpticekrylka-aleksandry.jpg",{"title":413,"description":414,"path":415,"coverImage":416,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Queen of Spain Fritillary","The queen of Spain fritillary is a small butterfly with numerous silvery spots on the hindwing underside, occurring from lowlands to mountains.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-malaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-malaya.jpg",{"title":418,"description":419,"path":420,"coverImage":421,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Red Admiral","The red admiral is a migratory butterfly with dark brown wings and a scarlet band. Each summer it migrates into temperate Eurasia, reaching the northern part of its range from the Mediterranean.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral.jpg",{"title":109,"description":423,"path":110,"coverImage":424,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"The scarce swallowtail is a large swallowtail with cream-yellow wings and characteristic dark stripes. It is conspicuous in May in fruit orchards.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpodalirii.jpg",{"title":426,"description":427,"path":428,"coverImage":429,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Silver-washed Fritillary","The silver-washed fritillary is a large woodland butterfly with orange wings. The underside of the hindwings shimmers with silvery pearl-like spots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-bolshaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperlamutrovka-bolshaya.jpg",{"title":98,"description":431,"path":99,"coverImage":432,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"The small Apollo is a mountain Papilio with white wings similar to the Apollo but smaller. It lives in high mountains of the Altai, Siberia, and Central Asia.","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ffeby.jpg",{"title":434,"description":435,"path":436,"coverImage":437,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Blue","The small blue is the smallest blue in Europe, with inconspicuous gray wings in both sexes; it lives on poor dry meadows with vetch.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkupidok","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkupidok.jpg",{"title":439,"description":440,"path":441,"coverImage":442,"publishedAt":443,"order":88},"Small Copper","The small copper is one of Europe's most vivid small butterflies — fiery orange-copper forewings flash in sun across meadows and heathlands worldwide.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchervonet-ognennyj","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fchervonet-ognennyj.png","19.06.2026",{"title":445,"description":446,"path":447,"coverImage":448,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Heath","The small heath is a small reddish-brown butterfly of open meadows. It is one of the most abundant browns and occurs almost everywhere.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-obyknovennaya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fsennitsa-obyknovennaya.jpg",{"title":450,"description":451,"path":452,"coverImage":453,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary","The small pearl-bordered fritillary is a small fritillary of wet meadows, with clear white and rusty spots in a pattern on the hindwing underside.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboloria-selene","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fboloria-selene.jpg",{"title":455,"description":456,"path":457,"coverImage":458,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small Tortoiseshell","The small tortoiseshell is one of the most common day-flying butterflies of the temperate zone, with bright orange wings, black spots, and blue marginal 'eyes'.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fkrapivnitsa.jpg",{"title":460,"description":461,"path":462,"coverImage":463,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Small White","The small white is a small white butterfly similar to the large white, whose caterpillars feed on cabbage — the most common garden pest among the whites.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepnitsa","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Frepnitsa.jpg",{"title":465,"description":466,"path":467,"coverImage":468,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Southern Festoon","The southern festoon is an early-spring butterfly of southern Russia with cream wings and red spots — one of the first swallowtails to fly each year.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolyksena","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fpolyksena.jpg",{"title":470,"description":471,"path":472,"coverImage":473,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Southern Swallowtail","The southern swallowtail is a rare Papilio with yellow-and-black wings, living in mountain areas of the Caucasus and Crimea, very seldom seen.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Falexanor","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Falexanor.jpg",{"title":475,"description":476,"path":477,"coverImage":478,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"Speckled Wood","The speckled wood is a mottled orange-brown butterfly of shady woods, preferring partial shade and damp forest paths across much of Europe.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-egeriya","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbarkhatnitsa-egeriya.jpg",{"title":480,"description":481,"path":482,"coverImage":483,"publishedAt":484,"order":88},"Ulysses Swallowtail","The Ulysses Swallowtail is a large rainforest swallowtail whose iridescent electric-blue wings flash through the canopy of Queensland and New Guinea.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-uliss","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fparusnik-uliss.png","02.06.2026",{"title":486,"description":487,"path":488,"coverImage":489,"publishedAt":91,"order":88},"White Admiral","The white admiral is an elegant forest butterfly with dark brown wings and a broad white band. It flies in deciduous woods with honeysuckle.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelolentochnik-kamilla","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fbelolentochnik-kamilla.jpg",{"title":491,"description":492,"path":493,"coverImage":494,"publishedAt":495,"order":88},"Woodland Ringlet","The woodland ringlet (Erebia medusa) is a satyr butterfly of damp meadows across central Europe, with chocolate-brown wings and orange-ringed eyespots.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ferebiya-meduza","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Ferebiya-meduza.png","27.07.2026",[],[498,500,502],{"label":95,"path":96,"coverImage":132,"latinName":499},"Parnassius apollo",{"label":106,"path":107,"coverImage":336,"latinName":501},"Papilio machaon",{"label":109,"path":110,"coverImage":424,"latinName":503},"Iphiclides podalirius",[505,506,508],{"label":95,"path":96,"coverImage":132,"latinName":499},{"label":98,"path":99,"coverImage":432,"latinName":507},"Parnassius phoebus",{"label":101,"path":102,"coverImage":509,"latinName":73},"\u002Fimages\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fparusniki.png",[511,516,521,527,533],{"title":512,"description":513,"path":514,"coverImage":515,"publishedAt":91,"order":92},"Day-flying butterflies","Day-flying butterflies are the most conspicuous Lepidoptera: they fly in sunlight, have club-shaped antennae, and often bright colouration.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fdnevnye-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fdnevnye-babochki.jpg",{"title":517,"description":518,"path":519,"coverImage":520,"publishedAt":91,"order":63},"Nocturnal butterflies and moths","Nocturnal butterflies and moths are a diverse group of Lepidoptera active at dusk and night. There are far more species than among day-flying butterflies.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fnochanye-babochki-i-motylki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fnochanye-babochki-i-motylki.jpg",{"title":522,"description":523,"path":524,"coverImage":525,"publishedAt":91,"order":526},"Large butterflies","Large butterflies impress with wingspan: from the familiar swallowtail to giant birdwings with wings wider than 25 centimetres.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkrupnye-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkrupnye-babochki.jpg",3,{"title":528,"description":529,"path":530,"coverImage":531,"publishedAt":91,"order":532},"Rare butterflies","Rare butterflies — threatened species: Apollo, clouded Apollo, large blue, and other declining Lepidoptera.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fredkie-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fredkie-babochki.jpg",4,{"title":534,"description":535,"path":536,"coverImage":537,"publishedAt":91,"order":538},"How to identify a butterfly species","Step-by-step guide to identifying a butterfly: size, colour, wing shape, antennae, place and time of encounter. Methods without capture and using photographs.","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fkak-opredelit-vid-babochki.jpg",5,1787125901789]