[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":421},["ShallowReactive",2],{"glossary_en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhrizalida":3,"alt-locale:glossary_en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhrizalida":209,"section-listing:disabled":232,"related-covers:en:":233,"section-listing:glossary_en:\u002Fslovar":234,"related-covers:en:\u002Fslovar\u002Fkukolka|\u002Fslovar\u002Feklozia|\u002Fslovar\u002Fimago":417},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":203,"description":204,"extension":205,"faq":206,"imagePrompt":207,"meta":208,"navigation":209,"order":206,"pageType":191,"path":210,"publishedAt":211,"readingMinutes":212,"relatedLinks":213,"seo":226,"sitemap":229,"stem":230,"tags":206,"updatedAt":206,"__hash__":231},"glossary_en\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhrizalida.md","Chrysalis",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":193},"minimark",[9,14,32,35,39,46,49,69,73,89,92,118,125,129,132,152,156,163,166,170,185],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"chrysalis-and-pupa-what-is-the-difference","Chrysalis and pupa: what is the difference",[15,16,17,20,21,25,26,31],"p",{},[18,19,5],"strong",{}," (from Greek ",[22,23,24],"em",{},"χρυσός"," — gold) is the pupa of a day-flying butterfly (lepidopterans of superfamily Papilionoidea). The term applies specifically to day-flying butterflies; moths usually form ",[27,28,30],"a",{"href":29},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar\u002Fkukolka","cocoons"," — pupae wrapped in silk.",[15,33,34],{},"The name reflects appearance: in many species the chrysalis surface has golden or silvery spots and shiny bands — an optical effect from special chitin structure.",[10,36,38],{"id":37},"structure-of-the-chrysalis","Structure of the chrysalis",[15,40,41,42,45],{},"A chrysalis is the ",[27,43,44],{"href":29},"pupa"," of a day-flying butterfly, covered by a hard chitinous case. Outlines of the future butterfly's wings, legs, antennae, and eyes are visible — as if “cast” under the chitinous shell.",[15,47,48],{},"How the chrysalis is attached is characteristic of each family:",[50,51,52,63],"ul",{},[53,54,55,58,59,62],"li",{},[18,56,57],{},"Swallowtails (Papilionidae)"," and ",[18,60,61],{},"whites (Pieridae)"," — hang head up, held by a silk girdle around the body and a cremaster (hooks at the base)",[53,64,65,68],{},[18,66,67],{},"Nymphalids (Nymphalidae)"," — hang head down, attached only by the cremaster to a silk pad",[10,70,72],{"id":71},"what-happens-inside","What happens inside",[15,74,75,76,79,80,84,85,88],{},"The chrysalis looks calm on the outside. Inside ",[18,77,78],{},"histolysis"," occurs — literally “dissolution”: ",[27,81,83],{"href":82},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar\u002Fgusenica","caterpillar"," tissues break down into a uniform nutrient mass. This mass contains groups of stem cells — ",[18,86,87],{},"imaginal discs"," that have stored “blueprints” of adult organs since the larval stage.",[15,90,91],{},"From imaginal discs are built anew:",[50,93,94,97,100,106,112,115],{},[53,95,96],{},"wings with veins and scales",[53,98,99],{},"compound faceted eyes",[53,101,102],{},[27,103,105],{"href":104},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhobotok","proboscis",[53,107,108],{},[27,109,111],{"href":110},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar\u002Fantenna","antennae",[53,113,114],{},"flight muscle",[53,116,117],{},"reproductive organs",[15,119,120,121,124],{},"This process — ",[18,122,123],{},"histogenesis"," — takes from several days to several months depending on species and conditions.",[10,126,128],{"id":127},"duration-of-the-stage","Duration of the stage",[15,130,131],{},"Chrysalis duration varies greatly:",[50,133,134,140,146],{},[53,135,136,139],{},[18,137,138],{},"7–14 days"," — most summer species (small tortoiseshell, brimstone, whites)",[53,141,142,145],{},[18,143,144],{},"1–3 months"," — species with one generation per year (Apollo, some fritillaries)",[53,147,148,151],{},[18,149,150],{},"overwintering in the chrysalis"," — some species diapause as pupae (large white, small white, black-veined white)",[10,153,155],{"id":154},"color-and-camouflage","Color and camouflage",[15,157,158,159,162],{},"Chrysalis coloration is often cryptic — matching bark, dry leaf, or stem. Some species can change chrysalis color depending on background: this is ",[18,160,161],{},"phenotypic plasticity",".",[15,164,165],{},"Golden and silvery spots (which gave the name “chrysalis”) are most pronounced in nymphalids — peacock, mourning cloak, fritillaries. They may serve as extra camouflage, mimicking water glints or dewdrops.",[10,167,169],{"id":168},"eclosion-the-butterfly-emerges","Eclosion: the butterfly emerges",[15,171,172,173,177,178,184],{},"When development is complete, ",[27,174,176],{"href":175},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar\u002Fimago","imago"," breaks the chrysalis shell from inside — this moment is ",[18,179,180],{},[27,181,183],{"href":182},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar\u002Feklozia","eclosion",". The butterfly pulls itself through a slit at the head end, grips the empty chrysalis with its legs, and begins to expand its wings.",[15,186,187,188,192],{},"The full glossary is in the ",[27,189,191],{"href":190},"\u002Fen\u002Fslovar","glossary"," section.",{"title":194,"searchDepth":195,"depth":195,"links":196},"",2,[197,198,199,200,201,202],{"id":12,"depth":195,"text":13},{"id":37,"depth":195,"text":38},{"id":71,"depth":195,"text":72},{"id":127,"depth":195,"text":128},{"id":154,"depth":195,"text":155},{"id":168,"depth":195,"text":169},"\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhrizalida.jpg","A chrysalis is a butterfly pupa with a hard chitinous case, often with a golden or silvery sheen. Inside, the organism is completely rebuilt.","md",null,"Photorealistic macro photo, chrysalis of Papilio machaon hanging from fennel stem, golden-green with black dots, translucent shell showing wing pattern inside, natural daylight, 16:9",{},true,"\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhrizalida","01.05.2026",1,[214,218,222],{"label":215,"path":216,"description":217},"Pupa","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkukolka","General term for the pupal stage",{"label":219,"path":220,"description":221},"Eclosion","\u002Fslovar\u002Feklozia","Imago emerging from the chrysalis",{"label":223,"path":224,"description":225},"Imago","\u002Fslovar\u002Fimago","Adult butterfly after emergence",{"title":227,"description":228},"Chrysalis — butterfly pupa: structure and development","Chrysalis — pupa of a day-flying butterfly. How it differs from a cocoon, what happens inside, how long the stage lasts, and when imago emerges.",{"loc":210},"slovar\u002Fkhrizalida","2tNIi6K2DirT_ggQo67BGO_3Nh9iM8y_8d-QHL7UzUs",[],[],[235,240,245,251,256,261,266,267,272,277,280,285,291,296,301,304,309,314,319,324,329,334,339,344,349,354,359,364,369,372,377,383,389,395,400,405,411],{"title":236,"description":237,"path":238,"coverImage":239,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Antenna","Butterfly antennae are paired sensory organs on the head, used to detect odors, pheromones, and vibrations. Their shape is a key identification trait.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fantenna","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fantenna.png",{"title":241,"description":242,"path":243,"coverImage":244,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Aposematism","Aposematism is warning coloration in toxic or unpalatable butterflies. Bright colors signal danger to predators and protect the species from being eaten.","\u002Fslovar\u002Faposematizm","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Faposematizm.png",{"title":246,"description":247,"path":248,"coverImage":249,"publishedAt":250,"order":206},"Batesian Mimicry","Batesian mimicry is when a harmless species evolves to resemble a toxic or dangerous one, borrowing its predator-deterrent reputation without the actual defense.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fbatezovskaya-mimikriya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fbatezovskaya-mimikriya.png","25.07.2026",{"title":252,"description":253,"path":254,"coverImage":255,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Biotope","A biotope is a uniform habitat patch with specific conditions, home to a characteristic community. Each butterfly species prefers its own biotope.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fbiotop","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fbiotop.png",{"title":257,"description":258,"path":259,"coverImage":260,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Caterpillar","The caterpillar is the larval stage of a butterfly, whose main task is to eat and grow — accumulating about 99% of the energy needed for transformation.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fgusenica","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fgusenica.jpg",{"title":262,"description":263,"path":264,"coverImage":265,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Chitin","Chitin is the main structural polymer of insect integument. The hard external skeleton of butterflies, wing scales, and caterpillar armor are made of chitin.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhitin","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhitin.jpg",{"title":5,"description":204,"path":210,"coverImage":203,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},{"title":268,"description":269,"path":270,"coverImage":271,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Diapause","Diapause is a state of physiological rest in insects that allows survival of an unfavorable season. In butterflies, it can occur at any developmental stage.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fdiapauza","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fdiapauza.png",{"title":273,"description":274,"path":275,"coverImage":276,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Dimorphism","Dimorphism is the existence of two distinct forms within one species. In butterflies, males and females of the same species can differ sharply in coloration.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fdimorfizm","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fdimorfizm.jpg",{"title":219,"description":278,"path":220,"coverImage":279,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Eclosion is the emergence of an adult butterfly from the pupa. One of the most vulnerable and striking moments in the life cycle of lepidopterans.","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Feklozia.jpg",{"title":281,"description":282,"path":283,"coverImage":284,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Endemic","An endemic is a species that lives only in a specific geographic region and nowhere else. Islands and mountains are the main centers of butterfly endemism.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fendemik","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fendemik.jpg",{"title":286,"description":287,"path":288,"coverImage":289,"publishedAt":290,"order":206},"Eyespots","Eyespots are circular wing markings that mimic a vertebrate eye, used by butterflies either to startle predators or to redirect attacks away from vital body parts.","\u002Fslovar\u002Flozhnye-glazki","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Flozhnye-glazki.png","13.08.2026",{"title":292,"description":293,"path":294,"coverImage":295,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Holometabolism","Holometabolism is a type of insect development with complete metamorphosis: egg → larva → pupa → imago. All butterflies develop by this type.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fgolometaboliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fgolometaboliya.jpg",{"title":297,"description":298,"path":299,"coverImage":300,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Host plant","A host plant is a plant whose leaves a caterpillar of a given butterfly species feeds on. Most species are strictly specialized on 1–3 host plants.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkormovoe-rastenie","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkormovoe-rastenie.jpg",{"title":223,"description":302,"path":224,"coverImage":303,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Imago is the adult, sexually mature stage of an insect with fully formed wings. The final phase of complete metamorphosis.","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fimago.jpg",{"title":305,"description":306,"path":307,"coverImage":308,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Lepidoptera","Lepidoptera is the order of scale-winged insects, including butterflies and moths. The name means “scale-winged”: wings are covered with microscopic scales.","\u002Fslovar\u002Flepidoptera","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Flepidoptera.jpg",{"title":310,"description":311,"path":312,"coverImage":313,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Melanism","Melanism is excess accumulation of dark pigment melanin, causing darkened coloration. Industrial melanism in the peppered moth is a classic evolution example.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmelanizm","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmelanizm.jpg",{"title":315,"description":316,"path":317,"coverImage":318,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Metamorphosis","Metamorphosis is complete transformation of an insect passing through four developmental stages: egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa, and adult (imago).","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmetamorfoz","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmetamorfoz.jpg",{"title":320,"description":321,"path":322,"coverImage":323,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Migration","Butterfly migration is seasonal movement over long distances. The record holder is the monarch, at up to 4,500 km; red admirals and painted ladies also migrate.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigraciya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmigraciya.jpg",{"title":325,"description":326,"path":327,"coverImage":328,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Mimicry","Mimicry in butterflies is resemblance to other species or objects for protection from predators. Batesian and Müllerian mimicry, with examples.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmimikriya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmimikriya.jpg",{"title":330,"description":331,"path":332,"coverImage":333,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Monophage","A monophage is a species whose caterpillars feed on only one species or genus of plant. Monophagy makes a butterfly vulnerable if that plant disappears.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fmonofag","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fmonofag.jpg",{"title":335,"description":336,"path":337,"coverImage":338,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Nectar","Nectar is the sweet secretion of flowers and the main energy source for adult butterflies, which drink it through the proboscis and carry pollen too.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fnektar","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fnektar.jpg",{"title":340,"description":341,"path":342,"coverImage":343,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Oviposition","Oviposition is egg-laying by a female butterfly, who carefully chooses a host plant, tapping leaves with her legs, and lays eggs on the underside.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fovipozitsiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fovipozitsiya.jpg",{"title":345,"description":346,"path":347,"coverImage":348,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Pheromones","Butterfly pheromones are chemical signals for attracting mates, marking territory, and communication. Males and females release different pheromones.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fferomon","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fferomon.jpg",{"title":350,"description":351,"path":352,"coverImage":353,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Pollination","Pollination is transfer of pollen from anther to stigma. Butterflies are important pollinators: they move pollen between flowers while feeding on nectar.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fopylenie","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fopylenie.jpg",{"title":355,"description":356,"path":357,"coverImage":358,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Polyphagy","Polyphagy is the ability to feed on a wide range of plants. Polyphagous caterpillars are less vulnerable when one host plant species is lost than monophages.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpolifagiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpolifagiya.jpg",{"title":360,"description":361,"path":362,"coverImage":363,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Proboscis","The proboscis is the mouthpart of an adult butterfly, shaped as a flexible tube for sucking nectar and other liquids. At rest it is coiled in a spiral.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhobotok","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkhobotok.jpg",{"title":365,"description":366,"path":367,"coverImage":368,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Puddling","Puddling in butterflies is behavior where insects gather on damp soil, puddles, or droppings to obtain mineral salts and amino acids.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fpudling","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fpudling.jpg",{"title":215,"description":370,"path":216,"coverImage":371,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"The pupa is the third stage of complete metamorphosis, when the caterpillar transforms into a butterfly — outwardly still, but rebuilding within.","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fkukolka.jpg",{"title":373,"description":374,"path":375,"coverImage":376,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Range","Range is the geographic area within which a given butterfly species lives. Ranges may be continuous, fragmented, expanding, or shrinking.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fareal","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fareal.png",{"title":378,"description":379,"path":380,"coverImage":381,"publishedAt":382,"order":206},"Reintroduction","Reintroduction is the deliberate release of captive-bred or translocated individuals into a habitat where a species has gone locally extinct, aiming to re-establish a self-sustaining wild population.","\u002Fslovar\u002Freintroduktsiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Freintroduktsiya.png","22.07.2026",{"title":384,"description":385,"path":386,"coverImage":387,"publishedAt":388,"order":206},"Relict Species","A relict species is a survivor of a once-widespread group whose range has contracted to isolated pockets — often mountaintops or glacial refuges — left over after past climate change.","\u002Fslovar\u002Freliktovyi-vid","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Freliktovyi-vid.png","01.08.2026",{"title":390,"description":391,"path":392,"coverImage":393,"publishedAt":394,"order":206},"Stenotopic Species","A stenotopic species tolerates only a narrow range of habitat conditions, unlike a eurytopic generalist that thrives across many different environments.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fstenotopnyi-vid","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fstenotopnyi-vid.png","07.08.2026",{"title":396,"description":397,"path":398,"coverImage":399,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Taxonomy","Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms. Butterflies belong to order Lepidoptera; taxonomy explains why the tortoiseshell is a nymphalid, not a blue.","\u002Fslovar\u002Ftaksonomiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Ftaksonomiya.jpg",{"title":401,"description":402,"path":403,"coverImage":404,"publishedAt":211,"order":206},"Thermoregulation","Thermoregulation in butterflies is maintaining working body temperature. Unable to generate heat, they warm up in sun, wings spread like solar panels.","\u002Fslovar\u002Ftermoregulyatsiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Ftermoregulyatsiya.jpg",{"title":406,"description":407,"path":408,"coverImage":409,"publishedAt":410,"order":206},"Toxin Sequestration","Toxin sequestration is when a caterpillar stores plant-derived toxins from its host plant unchanged in its own tissues, turning the plant's chemical defense into its own.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fsekvestraciya-toksinov","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fsekvestraciya-toksinov.png","19.08.2026",{"title":412,"description":413,"path":414,"coverImage":415,"publishedAt":416,"order":206},"Wing Venation","Wing venation is the pattern of hollow, rigid veins that forms a butterfly wing's supporting framework — its precise layout is a key character for identification and classification.","\u002Fslovar\u002Fzhilkovanie-kryla","\u002Fimages\u002Fslovar\u002Fzhilkovanie-kryla.png","27.07.2026",[418,419,420],{"label":215,"path":216,"description":217,"coverImage":371,"latinName":206},{"label":219,"path":220,"description":221,"coverImage":279,"latinName":206},{"label":223,"path":224,"description":225,"coverImage":303,"latinName":206},1787125907671]