[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":679},["ShallowReactive",2],{"identifier_en:\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-mestu-vstrechi":3,"alt-locale:identifier_en:\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-mestu-vstrechi":628,"section-listing:disabled":641,"related-covers:en:":642,"section-listing:identifier_en:\u002Fopredelitel":643},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":622,"description":623,"extension":624,"faq":625,"imagePrompt":626,"meta":627,"navigation":628,"order":629,"pageType":630,"path":631,"publishedAt":632,"readingMinutes":633,"relatedLinks":625,"seo":634,"sitemap":637,"stem":639,"tags":625,"updatedAt":638,"__hash__":640},"identifier_en\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-mestu-vstrechi.md","By place of encounter",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":607},"minimark",[9,14,18,37,40,44,47,53,125,131,133,137,140,145,201,203,207,210,215,271,274,276,280,283,288,326,328,332,335,340,377,383,385,389,392,396,434,436,440,443,448,472,474,478,481,486,512,517,531,534,536,540,543,548,587,589,593,596],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"why-consider-place-of-encounter","Why consider place of encounter",[15,16,17],"p",{},"Habitat is one of the fastest filters when identifying. Many species are tightly tied to a specific environment: where the caterpillar’s host plant grows, the adult butterfly will stay. The combination “place + season” often points to one or two candidates before you study the pattern.",[15,19,20,21,26,27,31,32,36],{},"Use this guide together with ",[22,23,25],"a",{"href":24},"\u002Fen\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-cvetu-krylev","identification by colour",", ",[22,28,30],{"href":29},"\u002Fen\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-forme-krylev","by wing shape",", and ",[22,33,35],{"href":34},"\u002Fen\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-vremeni-goda","by season",".",[38,39],"hr",{},[10,41,43],{"id":42},"open-meadow-and-flower-rich-glade","Open meadow and flower-rich glade",[15,45,46],{},"Meadows are the richest habitat in the temperate zone. Nectar flowers for adults and grasses\u002Fforbs for caterpillars make them the main home of day-flying butterflies.",[15,48,49],{},[50,51,52],"strong",{},"Common species:",[54,55,56,68,77,86,95,104,116],"ul",{},[57,58,59,62,63,67],"li",{},[50,60,61],{},"Meadow brown"," (",[64,65,66],"em",{},"Maniola jurtina",") — brown with an eyespot, June–August",[57,69,70,62,73,76],{},[50,71,72],{},"Small heath",[64,74,75],{},"Coenonympha pamphilus",") — small ochre species, May–September",[57,78,79,62,82,85],{},[50,80,81],{},"Large white",[64,83,84],{},"Pieris brassicae",") — white, large, all season",[57,87,88,62,91,94],{},[50,89,90],{},"Small white",[64,92,93],{},"Pieris rapae",") — white, smaller than large white, two generations",[57,96,97,62,100,103],{},[50,98,99],{},"Black-veined white",[64,101,102],{},"Aporia crataegi",") — white with dark veins, June",[57,105,106,62,109,26,112,115],{},[50,107,108],{},"Fritillaries",[64,110,111],{},"Argynnis",[64,113,114],{},"Speyeria",") — russet with “silver” below, June–August",[57,117,118,62,121,124],{},[50,119,120],{},"Glanville fritillary",[64,122,123],{},"Melitaea cinxia",") — checkered russet-brown, May–June",[15,126,127,130],{},[50,128,129],{},"What to look for on a meadow:"," flowering clover, thistle, yarrow, purple umbellifers — several species always feed there.",[38,132],{},[10,134,136],{"id":135},"woodland-edge-and-clearing","Woodland edge and clearing",[15,138,139],{},"The border between forest and open ground has the greatest diversity. Woodland and meadow species meet here, plus edge specialists.",[15,141,142],{},[50,143,144],{},"Characteristic species:",[54,146,147,156,165,174,183,192],{},[57,148,149,62,152,155],{},[50,150,151],{},"Small tortoiseshell",[64,153,154],{},"Aglais urticae",") — orange with black spots; wherever nettle grows",[57,157,158,62,161,164],{},[50,159,160],{},"Comma",[64,162,163],{},"Polygonia c-album",") — ragged wing margins; bark camouflage",[57,166,167,62,170,173],{},[50,168,169],{},"Red admiral",[64,171,172],{},"Vanessa atalanta",") — black with a red band",[57,175,176,62,179,182],{},[50,177,178],{},"Painted lady",[64,180,181],{},"Vanessa cardui",") — russet with white spots; migrant",[57,184,185,62,188,191],{},[50,186,187],{},"Brimstone",[64,189,190],{},"Gonepteryx rhamni",") — male bright yellow, female greenish; first spring butterfly at the edge",[57,193,194,62,197,200],{},[50,195,196],{},"Wood white",[64,198,199],{},"Leptidea sinapis",") — small white, flutters by shrubs",[38,202],{},[10,204,206],{"id":205},"forest-mixed-and-deciduous","Forest (mixed and deciduous)",[15,208,209],{},"Deeper in the forest there are fewer species — few nectar plants. But there are forest specialists.",[15,211,212],{},[50,213,214],{},"What you may find:",[54,216,217,226,235,244,253,262],{},[57,218,219,62,222,225],{},[50,220,221],{},"Purple emperor",[64,223,224],{},"Apatura iris",") — male with blue sheen; tops of oaks and willow thickets by water",[57,227,228,62,231,234],{},[50,229,230],{},"Poplar admiral",[64,232,233],{},"Limenitis populi",") — large, dark with a white band; in aspen stands",[57,236,237,62,240,243],{},[50,238,239],{},"White admiral",[64,241,242],{},"Limenitis camilla",") — smaller, narrower white band",[57,245,246,62,249,252],{},[50,247,248],{},"Woodland brown",[64,250,251],{},"Lopinga achine",") — brown with rows of eyespots; light deciduous forest",[57,254,255,62,258,261],{},[50,256,257],{},"Purple hairstreak",[64,259,260],{},"Favonius quercus",") — small, blue male; by oaks",[57,263,264,62,267,270],{},[50,265,266],{},"Green hairstreak",[64,268,269],{},"Callophrys rubi",") — bright green below; shrubby edges",[15,272,273],{},"In oak and lime woods look for purple emperors patrolling high in the canopy.",[38,275],{},[10,277,279],{"id":278},"coniferous-forest-spruce-pine","Coniferous forest (spruce, pine)",[15,281,282],{},"Poorer than deciduous forest, but with several characteristic species.",[15,284,285],{},[50,286,287],{},"Typical species:",[54,289,290,299,308,317],{},[57,291,292,62,295,298],{},[50,293,294],{},"Pine looper",[64,296,297],{},"Bupalus piniaria",") — nocturnal, but seen by day on trunks",[57,300,301,62,304,307],{},[50,302,303],{},"Ringlets",[64,305,306],{},"Erebia",") — in mountain spruce forest",[57,309,310,62,313,316],{},[50,311,312],{},"Common blue",[64,314,315],{},"Polyommatus icarus",") — on warm edges with clover",[57,318,319,62,322,325],{},[50,320,321],{},"Brown argus",[64,323,324],{},"Aricia agestis",") — small, brown, on sunny edges",[38,327],{},[10,329,331],{"id":330},"garden-allotment-urban-areas","Garden, allotment, urban areas",[15,333,334],{},"Synanthropic species are well established in cities, gardens, and parks where nectar plants remain.",[15,336,337],{},[50,338,339],{},"What flies in town:",[54,341,342,347,356,362,367,372],{},[57,343,344,346],{},[50,345,151],{}," — wherever nettle grows (wasteland, fences, roadsides)",[57,348,349,62,352,355],{},[50,350,351],{},"European peacock",[64,353,354],{},"Aglais io",") — very common in gardens; caterpillar on nettle",[57,357,358,361],{},[50,359,360],{},"Large white, small white"," — on cabbage beds and rape fields",[57,363,364,366],{},[50,365,187],{}," — first to appear in spring in parks",[57,368,369,371],{},[50,370,178],{}," — on thistle, burdock, yarrow",[57,373,374,376],{},[50,375,312],{}," — on lawns with clover",[15,378,379,382],{},[50,380,381],{},"What to plant to attract butterflies:"," willow, nettle, clover, violets, nectar annuals (buddleia, verbena, lavender).",[38,384],{},[10,386,388],{"id":387},"bog-and-wet-meadow","Bog and wet meadow",[15,390,391],{},"A specific habitat with narrow specialists.",[15,393,394],{},[50,395,144],{},[54,397,398,407,416,425],{},[57,399,400,62,403,406],{},[50,401,402],{},"Marsh fritillary",[64,404,405],{},"Euphydryas aurinia",") — checkered, May; strictly on bogs with devil’s-bit scabious",[57,408,409,62,412,415],{},[50,410,411],{},"Cranberry blue",[64,413,414],{},"Plebejus optilete",") — bluish-violet; in sphagnum bogs",[57,417,418,62,421,424],{},[50,419,420],{},"Large heath",[64,422,423],{},"Coenonympha tullia",") — pale ochre; heath and sphagnum bogs",[57,426,427,62,430,433],{},[50,428,429],{},"Small pearl-bordered fritillary",[64,431,432],{},"Boloria selene",") — russet; wet meadows with violets",[38,435],{},[10,437,439],{"id":438},"river-lake-and-stream-bank","River, lake, and stream bank",[15,441,442],{},"Damp banks are used for “puddling” — butterflies gather at puddles and damp soil for mineral salts.",[15,444,445],{},[50,446,447],{},"What to find by water:",[54,449,450,459,464,469],{},[57,451,452,62,455,458],{},[50,453,454],{},"Old World swallowtail",[64,456,457],{},"Papilio machaon",") — often nectars on umbellifers along banks",[57,460,461,463],{},[50,462,221],{}," — by willows and aspens over water",[57,465,466,468],{},[50,467,230],{}," — in willow and aspen stands by water",[57,470,471],{},"Males of many blues and clouded yellows on damp sand or mud",[38,473],{},[10,475,477],{"id":476},"mountains-caucasus-urals-altai-sayan","Mountains (Caucasus, Urals, Altai, Sayan)",[15,479,480],{},"Mountain fauna differs greatly from the lowlands. Each belt has its own set of species.",[15,482,483],{},[50,484,485],{},"Subalpine belt (800–2000 m):",[54,487,488,494,503],{},[57,489,490,491,493],{},"Ringlets (",[64,492,306],{},") — dark brown with orange eyespots; dozens of species",[57,495,496,62,499,502],{},[50,497,498],{},"Apollo",[64,500,501],{},"Parnassius apollo",") — white with red eyespots; rocky meadows with houseleek",[57,504,505,62,508,511],{},[50,506,507],{},"Mnemosyne",[64,509,510],{},"Parnassius mnemosyne",") — white with dark spots; meadows with larkspur",[15,513,514],{},[50,515,516],{},"Alpine belt (above 2000 m):",[54,518,519,528],{},[57,520,521,62,524,527],{},[50,522,523],{},"Phoebus Apollo",[64,525,526],{},"Parnassius phoebus",") — in the Altai",[57,529,530],{},"Specialized mountain blues and clouded yellows",[15,532,533],{},"On the Caucasus butterfly diversity is especially high: Mediterranean, steppe, and European faunas meet.",[38,535],{},[10,537,539],{"id":538},"steppe-and-rocky-slopes","Steppe and rocky slopes",[15,541,542],{},"Southern Russia and the Volga region have their own steppe fauna.",[15,544,545],{},[50,546,547],{},"Steppe species:",[54,549,550,566,575,584],{},[57,551,552,62,555,558,559,62,562,565],{},[50,553,554],{},"Pale clouded yellow",[64,556,557],{},"Colias hyale",") and ",[50,560,561],{},"moorland clouded yellow",[64,563,564],{},"C. palaeno",") — yellow, fast flight",[57,567,568,62,571,574],{},[50,569,570],{},"Eastern festoon",[64,572,573],{},"Zegris eupheme",") — white with an orange spot; south of Russia",[57,576,577,62,580,583],{},[50,578,579],{},"Scarce swallowtail",[64,581,582],{},"Iphiclides podalirius",") — yellow-white with dark stripes and long tails; by blackthorn",[57,585,586],{},"Various blues: eastern baton blue, silver-studded blue, Rippart’s blue",[38,588],{},[10,590,592],{"id":591},"practical-tip","Practical tip",[15,594,595],{},"Before going out, decide on habitat and season — that cuts the candidate list in half. In your observation notebook record not only the species but the place type: “meadow by forest”, “stream bank”, “oak woodland edge”. Over time you will see that some species are always predictable where their host plant grows.",[15,597,598,599,603,604,36],{},"For difficult cases — ",[22,600,602],{"href":601},"\u002Fen\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fchastye-oshibki-pri-opredelenii","common identification mistakes",". Seasonal aspect — ",[22,605,606],{"href":34},"by time of year",{"title":608,"searchDepth":609,"depth":609,"links":610},"",2,[611,612,613,614,615,616,617,618,619,620,621],{"id":12,"depth":609,"text":13},{"id":42,"depth":609,"text":43},{"id":135,"depth":609,"text":136},{"id":205,"depth":609,"text":206},{"id":278,"depth":609,"text":279},{"id":330,"depth":609,"text":331},{"id":387,"depth":609,"text":388},{"id":438,"depth":609,"text":439},{"id":476,"depth":609,"text":477},{"id":538,"depth":609,"text":539},{"id":591,"depth":609,"text":592},"\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-mestu-vstrechi.png","Butterfly identification by place of encounter: meadow, forest, woodland edge, garden, bog, mountains, coast — which species live where.","md",null,"Photorealistic nature collage, four butterfly habitats in one frame — lush meadow, forest edge, mountain slope, garden — each with typical butterfly species, split into quadrants, sunny day, documentary nature style, 16:9",{},true,4,"identifier","\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-mestu-vstrechi","01.05.2026",1,{"title":635,"description":636},"Butterflies by place of encounter — habitat identification guide","Which butterflies occur on a meadow, in forest, in a garden, on a bog, in mountains. Identification guide by place of encounter.",{"loc":631,"lastmod":638},"27.07.2026","opredelitel\u002Fpo-mestu-vstrechi","QQZb2BGouH3hvZVqF37Rd_6iPbrOgSDA_5rA7Zw_5Zw",[],[],[644,649,654,660,661,667,673],{"title":645,"description":646,"path":647,"coverImage":648,"publishedAt":632,"order":633},"By wing colour","Butterfly identification by wing colour: find a species by main colouration — from white whites to blue blues and patterned nymphalids.","\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-cvetu-krylev","\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-cvetu-krylev.png",{"title":650,"description":651,"path":652,"coverImage":653,"publishedAt":632,"order":609},"By size","Butterfly identification by size: from tiny blues with a 15 mm wingspan to giant birdwings with wings wider than 25 cm — a quick guide by wingspan.","\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-razmeru","\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-razmeru.png",{"title":655,"description":656,"path":657,"coverImage":658,"publishedAt":632,"order":659},"By wing shape","Butterfly identification by wing shape: tails, scalloped edges, angular tips, rounded and elongated wings — with species examples.","\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-forme-krylev","\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-forme-krylev.png",3,{"title":5,"description":623,"path":631,"coverImage":622,"publishedAt":632,"order":629},{"title":662,"description":663,"path":664,"coverImage":665,"publishedAt":632,"order":666},"By time of year","Seasonal butterfly identification guide: which species fly in March, April, May, June, July, August, and autumn — with examples by month.","\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-vremeni-goda","\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-vremeni-goda.png",5,{"title":668,"description":669,"path":670,"coverImage":671,"publishedAt":632,"order":672},"By caterpillar","Caterpillar identification guide: green, hairy, with a horn, with eyespots, with spines. How to tell which butterfly will emerge from a caterpillar you found.","\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-gusenitse","\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fpo-gusenitse.png",6,{"title":674,"description":675,"path":676,"coverImage":677,"publishedAt":632,"order":678},"Common identification mistakes","The most common mistakes when identifying butterflies: confusing sexes, seasonal forms, similar species. Each case explained with examples.","\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fchastye-oshibki-pri-opredelenii","\u002Fimages\u002Fopredelitel\u002Fchastye-oshibki-pri-opredelenii.png",7,1787125911599]