[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":503},["ShallowReactive",2],{"encyclopedia_en:\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-kulture":3,"alt-locale:encyclopedia_en:\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-kulture":356,"section-listing:disabled":384,"related-covers:en:":385,"section-listing:encyclopedia_en:\u002Fentsiklopediya":386,"related-covers:en:\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fmigratsiya-monarkha|\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkrasnaya-kniga-babochek-rossii|\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkak-fotografirovat-babochek|\u002Fentsiklopediya":498},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":341,"description":342,"extension":343,"faq":344,"imagePrompt":354,"meta":355,"navigation":356,"order":357,"pageType":358,"path":359,"publishedAt":360,"readingMinutes":317,"relatedLinks":361,"seo":378,"sitemap":381,"stem":382,"tags":357,"updatedAt":357,"__hash__":383},"encyclopedia_en\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-kulture.md","Butterflies in Art and Culture",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":315},"minimark",[9,14,18,22,27,44,47,51,54,58,62,69,80,88,98,113,116,162,169,173,180,184,188,199,205,219,223,241,245,249,252,256,290,294,301,305,312],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"the-universal-symbol","The universal symbol",[15,16,17],"p",{},"Of all insects, none has entered human culture as deeply as the butterfly. Its brief, brilliant adult life; its complete transformation from crawling larva to winged creature; its colours that rival precious stones — all made it an irresistible symbol long before the mechanisms of metamorphosis were understood. On every inhabited continent where butterflies occur, human cultures have given them meaning far beyond their ecological role.",[10,19,21],{"id":20},"ancient-world","Ancient world",[23,24,26],"h3",{"id":25},"greece-and-rome-psyche-soul-and-immortality","Greece and Rome — Psyche, soul, and immortality",[15,28,29,30,34,35,39,40,43],{},"The most influential cultural use of the butterfly in the Western tradition begins in ancient Greek. The Greek word ",[31,32,33],"strong",{},"psyche"," (ψυχή) means both ",[36,37,38],"em",{},"soul"," and ",[36,41,42],{},"butterfly"," — the same word, the same concept. In classical mythology, Psyche is a mortal woman so beautiful that she becomes the lover of Eros (Cupid), and after a series of trials achieves immortality. She is typically depicted in art with butterfly wings, signalling her transformation from mortal to divine, from earthbound to winged.",[15,45,46],{},"Greek funerary art from the 5th century BC onwards often shows the soul departing the dead body as a small winged figure — sometimes explicitly butterfly-winged. Roman sarcophagi, particularly those of children, frequently carry butterfly imagery as a symbol of the soul's release and survival after death.",[23,48,50],{"id":49},"ancient-egypt","Ancient Egypt",[15,52,53],{},"Egyptian art from the New Kingdom period (c. 1550–1070 BC) includes representations of butterflies among garden and marsh scenes, particularly in the painted tombs of nobles at Thebes. The painted butterfly species appear to be identifiable as African representatives of genera still found in Egypt today. While no specific mythology is attached to the butterfly in surviving texts, their inclusion alongside birds and flowers in paradise garden scenes suggests a positive symbolic association with life and the afterlife.",[10,55,57],{"id":56},"asia","Asia",[23,59,61],{"id":60},"china-zhuangzis-dream","China — Zhuangzi's dream",[15,63,64,65,68],{},"The foundational Chinese text featuring a butterfly is one of philosophy's most celebrated thought experiments. In the ",[36,66,67],{},"Zhuangzi"," (c. 300 BC), the philosopher Zhuang Zhou describes dreaming that he is a butterfly, fluttering freely and unaware of being Zhuang Zhou. He then wakes as himself, but is left with an unsettling question: is he a man who dreamed of being a butterfly, or a butterfly now dreaming of being a man? The passage — only a few dozen words long — encapsulates Daoist ideas about the relativity of identity, the boundaries of consciousness, and the relationship between dream and waking reality. It has been continuously cited, illustrated, and reinterpreted for 2,300 years.",[15,70,71,72,75,76,79],{},"In Chinese decorative art, paired butterflies (",[36,73,74],{},"shuangdie",", 双蝶) are a traditional symbol of romantic love and marital happiness, equivalent to the Western use of doves. The butterfly also symbolises longevity when depicted with flowers in the ",[36,77,78],{},"baxian"," (eight immortals) tradition.",[23,81,83,84,87],{"id":82},"japan-cho-in-poetry-art-and-ceremony","Japan — ",[36,85,86],{},"cho"," in poetry, art, and ceremony",[15,89,90,91,39,94,97],{},"Japan developed one of the world's richest cultural relationships with butterflies. In classical Japanese poetry (",[36,92,93],{},"waka",[36,95,96],{},"haiku","), the butterfly is a dominant seasonal image for spring and summer:",[99,100,101],"blockquote",{},[15,102,103,106,109,112],{},[36,104,105],{},"Napping on a butterfly",[36,107,108],{},"dreaming of flowers —",[36,110,111],{},"temple bell","\n— Matsuo Bashō (1686)",[15,114,115],{},"Beyond poetry, butterflies appear ubiquitously in:",[117,118,119,133,147,156],"ul",{},[120,121,122,125,126,128,129,132],"li",{},[31,123,124],{},"Kimono design"," — the butterfly (",[36,127,86],{},") is one of the most common motifs in silk dyeing (",[36,130,131],{},"yuzen","), appearing in a vast range of stylised forms",[120,134,135,138,139,142,143,146],{},[31,136,137],{},"Family crests"," (",[36,140,141],{},"kamon",") — numerous samurai families used butterfly-derived mon, including the Taira clan, whose ",[36,144,145],{},"ageha cho"," (swallowtail butterfly) crest became one of the most recognised in Japanese heraldry",[120,148,149,152,153,155],{},[31,150,151],{},"Wedding decoration"," — pairs of folded paper butterflies (",[36,154,86],{},") are placed on sake cups at traditional weddings, the male on the right, the female on the left",[120,157,158,161],{},[31,159,160],{},"Soul belief"," — a white butterfly entering a house is traditionally interpreted as the visiting soul of a recently deceased family member",[15,163,164,165,168],{},"Puccini's opera ",[36,166,167],{},"Madama Butterfly"," (1904) used Japanese butterfly symbolism explicitly: the title character is Cio-Cio-San (Butterfly), fragile, beautiful, and finally destroyed.",[23,170,172],{"id":171},"india-sacred-and-auspicious","India — sacred and auspicious",[15,174,175,176,179],{},"In Hindu iconography, several deities are associated with transformation imagery that includes butterfly-like forms. In Indian folk art traditions, particularly in Madhubani painting from Bihar, butterflies appear in garden and nature scenes as symbols of joy and impermanence. The butterfly's brief life is used as a metaphor for the ephemeral nature of material existence (",[36,177,178],{},"maya",") in classical Sanskrit literature.",[10,181,183],{"id":182},"the-americas","The Americas",[23,185,187],{"id":186},"aztec-and-mesoamerican-culture","Aztec and Mesoamerican culture",[15,189,190,191,194,195,198],{},"Mesoamerican butterfly symbolism is among the richest and most complex in the world. The ",[31,192,193],{},"Aztec goddess Itzpapalotl"," (Obsidian Butterfly) was a fearsome divine figure associated with sacrifice, stars, and the souls of women who died in childbirth — one of the most powerful deities in the Aztec pantheon. Her name derives from the butterfly's wings (",[36,196,197],{},"papalotl",") and obsidian blades, and she was depicted with butterfly wings edged with stone knives.",[15,200,201,204],{},[31,202,203],{},"Quetzalpapalotl"," (Precious Butterfly, or Feathered Butterfly) was a more benign figure, associated with the stars of the night sky, and a great hall in the ceremonial complex of Teotihuacán is named in her honour.",[15,206,207,208,138,211,214,215,218],{},"The ",[31,209,210],{},"Monarch butterfly",[36,212,213],{},"Danaus plexippus",") holds a unique contemporary significance in Mexican culture. The monarch's winter roosts coincide with the ",[31,216,217],{},"Day of the Dead"," festival (Día de los Muertos, early November), and many communities in Michoacán and the State of Mexico traditionally interpret the arrival of millions of monarchs as the returning souls of the dead visiting the living. The monarch is the state insect of Michoacán.",[23,220,222],{"id":221},"native-north-american-traditions","Native North American traditions",[15,224,225,226,229,230,138,233,236,237,240],{},"Several Native American nations gave butterfly ceremonial significance. The ",[31,227,228],{},"Hopi"," of the American Southwest perform the ",[31,231,232],{},"Butterfly Dance",[36,234,235],{},"Bulitikibi",") as an annual ceremony, originally a prayer for rain, crops, and fertility. The butterfly is also a common motif in Hopi pottery and katsina (kachina) figures. In ",[31,238,239],{},"Blackfoot"," cosmology, a butterfly carries dreams; the traditional Blackfoot explanation for sleep is that Napii (Old Man) sends a butterfly who carries dreaming on its wings.",[10,242,244],{"id":243},"europe-heraldry-literature-and-science","Europe — heraldry, literature, and science",[23,246,248],{"id":247},"heraldry","Heraldry",[15,250,251],{},"Butterflies appear in European heraldry from the 12th century onward. In English, German, and Italian heraldic traditions they are depicted stylised with wings spread, typically called a \"papillon\" or \"schmetterling.\" Numerous noble families across France, Italy, and the Holy Roman Empire used butterfly charges; the butterfly also appears on civic coats of arms, particularly in the Rhine Valley and southern Germany.",[23,253,255],{"id":254},"literature-and-art","Literature and art",[117,257,258,272,278,284],{},[120,259,260,263,264,267,268,271],{},[31,261,262],{},"Shakespeare"," refers to the butterfly in several plays as a symbol of beauty, frivolity, or the transient nature of honour (",[36,265,266],{},"Coriolanus",", ",[36,269,270],{},"A Midsummer Night's Dream",")",[120,273,274,277],{},[31,275,276],{},"William Blake","'s poem \"The Butterfly\" (c. 1793) uses the butterfly as a figure for the awakened soul",[120,279,280,283],{},[31,281,282],{},"Romantic painting",": the butterfly appears throughout 19th-century academic painting as a symbol of the soul, femininity, and nature's beauty (Odilon Redon, John William Waterhouse)",[120,285,286,289],{},[31,287,288],{},"Vladimir Nabokov"," — see FAQ — combined professional scientific lepidopterology with literary genius, leaving both a body of taxonomic science and a body of fiction deeply saturated with butterfly observation",[23,291,293],{"id":292},"nabokov-and-the-scientific-gaze","Nabokov and the scientific gaze",[15,295,296,297,300],{},"Nabokov described the act of capturing and describing a new butterfly species as one of the greatest aesthetic experiences available to a human being — comparable to the creation of a poem. His published lepidopterological work, particularly on the genus ",[36,298,299],{},"Polyommatus"," (blues), was initially dismissed by some professionals as the hobby of a literary man, but has since been vindicated in detail by molecular phylogenetics. He represents the point where art and taxonomy converge: the same precise attention to pattern, form, and detail that makes a great naturalist makes, he argued, a great novelist.",[10,302,304],{"id":303},"butterflies-in-science-communication-and-conservation","Butterflies in science communication and conservation",[15,306,307,308,311],{},"In the modern era, butterflies function as ",[31,309,310],{},"flagship species"," for biodiversity conservation. Their sensitivity to habitat change, their visibility and beauty, and their broad public appeal make them effective symbols for communicating habitat loss, climate change, and the value of wildflower grasslands. Monitoring schemes in the UK (Butterfly Conservation), Germany (Tagfalter-Monitoring Deutschland), and Russia (Russian Butterfly Monitoring Network) use volunteer butterfly counts to track the health of ecosystems — data collected by thousands of enthusiasts with nets or cameras that would be impossible to gather any other way.",[15,313,314],{},"The butterfly remains, across cultures and centuries, the most compelling insect ambassador for the natural world.",{"title":316,"searchDepth":317,"depth":317,"links":318},"",2,[319,320,325,331,335,340],{"id":12,"depth":317,"text":13},{"id":20,"depth":317,"text":21,"children":321},[322,324],{"id":25,"depth":323,"text":26},3,{"id":49,"depth":323,"text":50},{"id":56,"depth":317,"text":57,"children":326},[327,328,330],{"id":60,"depth":323,"text":61},{"id":82,"depth":323,"text":329},"Japan — cho in poetry, art, and ceremony",{"id":171,"depth":323,"text":172},{"id":182,"depth":317,"text":183,"children":332},[333,334],{"id":186,"depth":323,"text":187},{"id":221,"depth":323,"text":222},{"id":243,"depth":317,"text":244,"children":336},[337,338,339],{"id":247,"depth":323,"text":248},{"id":254,"depth":323,"text":255},{"id":292,"depth":323,"text":293},{"id":303,"depth":317,"text":304},"\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-kulture.png","Butterflies have inspired art, mythology, and belief on every continent — from ancient Egypt to Nabokov's fiction, one of humanity's most resonant symbols.","md",[345,348,351],{"q":346,"a":347},"Why does the butterfly symbolise the soul in so many cultures?","The butterfly's life cycle — from earthbound caterpillar through the apparent death of the pupa to the emergence of a winged creature that soars into the sky — is one of the most vivid natural metaphors for transformation and resurrection available to the human eye. This parallel was drawn independently in ancient Greece, where the same word (psyche) meant both 'soul' and 'butterfly'; in ancient Egypt, where winged souls were depicted rising from mummies; in Mesoamerican cultures, where the Aztec warrior deity Itzpapalotl was the 'obsidian butterfly'; and in China, where Zhuangzi's butterfly dream (c. 300 BC) became one of philosophy's most enduring thought experiments. The convergence of this symbol across disconnected cultures reflects the power of metamorphosis as a universal human observation.",{"q":349,"a":350},"How did Nabokov combine butterfly science with literature?","Vladimir Nabokov (1899–1977) was not merely a butterfly enthusiast but a serious professional lepidopterist who worked as a research fellow at Harvard's Museum of Comparative Zoology and published peer-reviewed taxonomic papers on the lycaenid genus Polyommatus (blues). His 1945 paper reorganising the taxonomy of the Nearctic blues was later vindicated by DNA analysis in 2011, confirming his hypothesis about their colonisation of the Americas across the Bering land bridge. Butterfly imagery saturates his novels — Lolita, Pale Fire, The Gift — and he considered his scientific and literary work not as parallel careers but as expressions of the same precise, passionate observation of the world. He collected butterflies on every continent and donated thousands of specimens to major museum collections.",{"q":352,"a":353},"What role do butterflies play in Japanese culture?","Japan has one of the world's deepest cultural relationships with butterflies. The word cho (蝶) appears throughout classical Japanese poetry, particularly in haiku — Matsuo Bashō's 1686 verse 'A butterfly sleeps \u002F folding its wings \u002F on the temple bell' is among the most celebrated images in Japanese literature. In Japanese mythology a white butterfly is the soul of a recently deceased person visiting loved ones; pairs of butterflies represent marital happiness and are a traditional motif in wedding decoration. The butterfly (*cho*) is a common theme in kimono design, lacquerware, family crests (kamon), and classical painting. Giacomo Puccini's 1904 opera *Madama Butterfly*, though a Western work, drew heavily on Japanese butterfly symbolism for its central metaphor of a trapped, fragile woman destroyed by forces she cannot control.","Photorealistic artistic photo, detailed vintage butterfly specimen collection arranged in wooden display case alongside ancient Japanese woodblock print of butterflies on cherry blossoms, soft warm museum lighting, 16:9",{},true,null,"encyclopedia","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-kulture","18.08.2026",[362,366,370,374],{"label":363,"path":364,"description":365},"Monarch Migration","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fmigratsiya-monarkha","The Monarch butterfly and its role in Mexican culture",{"label":367,"path":368,"description":369},"Red Book of Russia","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkrasnaya-kniga-babochek-rossii","Threatened butterfly species and their cultural significance",{"label":371,"path":372,"description":373},"Butterfly Photography","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkak-fotografirovat-babochek","Capturing butterflies as art",{"label":375,"path":376,"description":377},"Encyclopedia","\u002Fentsiklopediya","All butterfly ecology and natural history articles",{"title":379,"description":380},"Butterflies in Art and Culture — Mythology, Symbolism, Literature Worldwide","How butterflies shaped human culture: Greek Psyche, Aztec Itzpapalotl, Chinese philosophy, Japanese haiku, Nabokov, Day of the Dead, heraldry, and modern art.",{"loc":359},"entsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-kulture","phEUe16MSrjOrFSZXcVc-HkhxpQ_t68H0XhJ7E1QH_8",[],[],[387,393,394,400,406,412,418,424,429,435,440,445,451,457,464,469,474,480,486,492],{"title":388,"description":389,"path":390,"coverImage":391,"publishedAt":392,"order":357},"Butterflies and the Future: Modelling Range Shifts and Extinction Risk","Climate change is projected to redraw where butterflies can live — modelled winners expand, mountain and northern specialists run out of habitat.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-budushchego","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-budushchego.png","20.07.2026",{"title":5,"description":342,"path":359,"coverImage":341,"publishedAt":360,"order":357},{"title":395,"description":396,"path":397,"coverImage":398,"publishedAt":399,"order":357},"Butterflies of Meadows and Steppes","Meadows and steppes support the richest butterfly communities in the temperate world, but face drastic losses across temperate Eurasia.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-lugov-i-stepej","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-lugov-i-stepej.png","06.08.2026",{"title":401,"description":402,"path":403,"coverImage":404,"publishedAt":405,"order":357},"Butterflies of Mountain Ecosystems","Mountain butterflies face extreme conditions — intense UV, cold nights, thin air — yet alpine zones support specialised, spectacular communities.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fgornie-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fgornie-babochki.png","31.07.2026",{"title":407,"description":408,"path":409,"coverImage":410,"publishedAt":411,"order":357},"Butterflies of Tropical Forests","Tropical forests cover less than 7% of Earth's land, but harbour over half of all butterfly species, spread across forest layers and under growing threat.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-tropicheskih-lesov","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-tropicheskih-lesov.png","12.05.2026",{"title":413,"description":414,"path":415,"coverImage":416,"publishedAt":417,"order":357},"Butterfly Observer's Equipment","You need very little to start watching butterflies — good binoculars and a field guide take you most of the way. This covers essential and optional gear.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Foborudovanie-nablyudatelya","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Foborudovanie-nablyudatelya.png","22.05.2026",{"title":419,"description":420,"path":421,"coverImage":422,"publishedAt":423,"order":357},"How to Attract Butterflies to Your Garden","A butterfly-friendly garden needs the right nectar and host plants, sunny sheltered spots, and minimal pesticide use to support butterflies year-round.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-sadu","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-v-sadu.png","15.05.2026",{"title":425,"description":426,"path":372,"coverImage":427,"publishedAt":428,"order":357},"How to Photograph Butterflies","Butterfly photography rewards patience and technique. This guide covers camera settings, approach methods, light conditions, and getting sharp close-up shots.","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkak-fotografirovat-babochek.png","19.05.2026",{"title":430,"description":431,"path":432,"coverImage":433,"publishedAt":434,"order":357},"Mimicry and Camouflage in Butterflies","How butterflies use Batesian and Müllerian mimicry, warning colours, and camouflage to survive — from mocker swallowtails to dead-leaf butterflies.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fmimikriya-i-maskirovka","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fmimikriya-i-maskirovka.png","24.07.2026",{"title":436,"description":437,"path":364,"coverImage":438,"publishedAt":439,"order":357},"Monarch Butterfly Migration — One of Nature's Greatest Journeys","Every autumn, monarch butterflies travel up to 4,500km from Canada to Mexican mountain forests — navigation and multigenerational memory puzzle science.","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fmigratsiya-monarkha.png","08.05.2026",{"title":441,"description":442,"path":368,"coverImage":443,"publishedAt":444,"order":357},"Red Data Book Butterflies of Russia","Russia's Red Data Book 2020 list: categories 0–5 and which day-flying butterflies are actually listed. What that means for observers.","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkrasnaya-kniga-babochek-rossii.png","26.05.2026",{"title":446,"description":447,"path":448,"coverImage":449,"publishedAt":450,"order":357},"The Global IUCN Red List and Butterfly Conservation Status","How the IUCN Red List assesses butterfly extinction risk worldwide, and why so few of the roughly 18,000 known species have been formally evaluated.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkrasnaya-kniga-babochek-mira","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkrasnaya-kniga-babochek-mira.png","22.07.2026",{"title":452,"description":453,"path":454,"coverImage":455,"publishedAt":456,"order":357},"Wing Scales and Structural Colour: How a Butterfly's Wing Actually Works","Why butterfly wings are covered in microscopic scales, and how some colours — like Morpho blue — come from physical structure rather than pigment.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fstroenie-kryla-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fstroenie-kryla-babochki.png","26.07.2026",{"title":458,"description":459,"path":460,"coverImage":461,"publishedAt":462,"order":463},"What Are Butterflies","Butterflies are insects of the order Lepidoptera with four wings covered in scales. More than 157,000 species exist worldwide.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fchto-takoe-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fchto-takoe-babochki.png","01.05.2026",1,{"title":465,"description":466,"path":467,"coverImage":468,"publishedAt":462,"order":317},"How Many Butterfly Species Exist","About 157,000 lepidopteran species are described worldwide. Day-flying butterflies number about 20,000 species. Including undiscovered species, estimates reach 180,000–200,000.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fskolko-vidov-babochek-sushchestvuet","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fskolko-vidov-babochek-sushchestvuet.png",{"title":470,"description":471,"path":472,"coverImage":473,"publishedAt":462,"order":323},"How Butterflies Differ from Moths","Butterflies and moths are both lepidopterans, but differ in antennae, resting posture, and activity time. We examine the features with examples.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-i-motylki","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fbabochki-i-motylki.png",{"title":475,"description":476,"path":477,"coverImage":478,"publishedAt":462,"order":479},"Popular Butterfly Species","The best-known butterflies of the world: swallowtail, red admiral, peacock, Apollo, monarch — descriptions and where to find them.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fpopulyarnye-vidy-babochek","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fpopulyarnye-vidy-babochek.png",4,{"title":481,"description":482,"path":483,"coverImage":484,"publishedAt":462,"order":485},"Butterfly Life Cycle","The butterfly life cycle has four stages: egg, caterpillar, pupa, and adult. Complete metamorphosis lasts from several weeks to several years.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fzhiznennyj-tsikl","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fzhiznennyj-tsikl.png",5,{"title":487,"description":488,"path":489,"coverImage":490,"publishedAt":462,"order":491},"Where Butterflies Live","Butterflies inhabit all climatic zones except Antarctica. We explore biotopes: tropics, meadows, forests, mountains, steppes, tundra, and cities.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fgde-obitayut-babochki","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fgde-obitayut-babochki.png",6,{"title":493,"description":494,"path":495,"coverImage":496,"publishedAt":462,"order":497},"How to Use the Atlas","Guide to using the butterfly atlas: how to identify a species, how sections are organized, and how to use the identification guide and encyclopedia.","\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkak-polzovatsya-atlasom","\u002Fimages\u002Fentsiklopediya\u002Fkak-polzovatsya-atlasom.png",7,[499,500,501,502],{"label":363,"path":364,"description":365,"coverImage":438,"latinName":357},{"label":367,"path":368,"description":369,"coverImage":443,"latinName":357},{"label":371,"path":372,"description":373,"coverImage":427,"latinName":357},{"label":375,"path":376,"description":377,"coverImage":357,"latinName":357},1787125912149]