[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":674},["ShallowReactive",2],{"atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray":3,"alt-locale:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray":235,"section-listing:disabled":261,"related-covers:en:":262,"related-covers:en:\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris|\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral|\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Firkutskaya-oblast":263,"section-listing:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas":275,"section-listing:atlas_en:\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya":321,"section-collection:atlas_en":391},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"coverImage":217,"description":218,"extension":219,"faq":220,"imagePrompt":233,"meta":234,"navigation":235,"order":236,"pageType":237,"path":238,"publishedAt":239,"readingMinutes":240,"region":241,"relatedLinks":242,"seo":255,"sitemap":258,"stem":259,"updatedAt":236,"__hash__":260},"atlas_en\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray.md","Butterflies of Primorsky Krai",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":203},"minimark",[9,14,18,22,27,30,61,65,72,76,79,83,89,95,101,107,111,114,134,138,190],[10,11,13],"h2",{"id":12},"primorsky-krai-butterfly-capital-of-russia","Primorsky Krai — butterfly capital of Russia",[15,16,17],"p",{},"Primorsky Krai is the absolute leader among regions of Russia in butterfly species number. More than 200 day-flying Lepidoptera — the result of unique geography at the overlap of several biogeographic zones. Manchurian, Japanese, Korean, and Siberian faunas meet here, creating extraordinary diversity.",[10,19,21],{"id":20},"unique-fauna-of-the-russian-far-east","Unique fauna of the Russian Far East",[23,24,26],"h3",{"id":25},"swallowtails","Swallowtails",[15,28,29],{},"The most impressive butterflies of Primorye are large swallowtails found nowhere else in Russia:",[31,32,33,46,55],"ul",{},[34,35,36,40,41,45],"li",{},[37,38,39],"strong",{},"Maack’s swallowtail"," (",[42,43,44],"em",{},"Papilio maackii",") — Russia’s largest swallowtail with an emerald sheen on the wings. Wingspan up to 10 cm.",[34,47,48,40,51,54],{},[37,49,50],{},"Alcinous swallowtail",[42,52,53],{},"Papilio alcinous",") — black with scarlet spots, high-mountain forests",[34,56,57,60],{},[37,58,59],{},"Menetries’ swallowtail"," — endemic subspecies with rich coloration",[23,62,64],{"id":63},"nymphalids","Nymphalids",[15,66,67,68,71],{},"The richest family in Primorye. Species of the genus ",[42,69,70],{},"Neptis",", numerous fritillaries, checkerspots, and emperors occur here. Some species are found only in Primorye.",[23,73,75],{"id":74},"underwing-moths-with-blue-hindwings","Underwing moths with blue hindwings",[15,77,78],{},"Several nocturnal species of the family Catocala with blue hindwings are a true landmark of Primorye.",[10,80,82],{"id":81},"best-observation-sites","Best observation sites",[15,84,85,88],{},[37,86,87],{},"Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Reserve"," — the best protected and richest territory. The species list exceeds 150 day-flying forms.",[15,90,91,94],{},[37,92,93],{},"Zov Tigra National Park"," — cedar–broadleaf forests of the Ussuri valley, accessible to tourists.",[15,96,97,100],{},[37,98,99],{},"Vicinity of Lazo"," — rich meadows and forest edges in river valleys.",[15,102,103,106],{},[37,104,105],{},"Khasan District"," — southwestern Primorye with subtropical faunal elements.",[10,108,110],{"id":109},"protected-species","Protected species",[15,112,113],{},"Several species are listed in the Red Data Book of Russia and the Red Data Book of Primorsky Krai:",[31,115,116,121,127],{},[34,117,118,120],{},[37,119,50],{}," — one of Russia’s most beautiful swallowtails",[34,122,123,126],{},[37,124,125],{},"Kurentsov’s blue"," — Far Eastern endemic",[34,128,129,130,133],{},"Several species of the genus ",[42,131,132],{},"Parnassius"," in the mountain part",[10,135,137],{"id":136},"seasonal-calendar","Seasonal calendar",[139,140,141,154],"table",{},[142,143,144],"thead",{},[145,146,147,151],"tr",{},[148,149,150],"th",{},"Period",[148,152,153],{},"Characteristic species",[155,156,157,166,174,182],"tbody",{},[145,158,159,163],{},[160,161,162],"td",{},"May",[160,164,165],{},"First swallowtails, comma",[145,167,168,171],{},[160,169,170],{},"June",[160,172,173],{},"Maack’s swallowtail, nymphalids, peak diversity",[145,175,176,179],{},[160,177,178],{},"July–August",[160,180,181],{},"Blues, satyrs, second peak of nymphalids",[145,183,184,187],{},[160,185,186],{},"September",[160,188,189],{},"Last migratory species",[15,191,192,193,198,199,202],{},"For comparison with European fauna see ",[194,195,197],"a",{"href":196},"\u002Fen\u002Fsemeystva","butterfly families"," and ",[194,200,25],{"href":201},"\u002Fen\u002Fsemeystva\u002Fparusniki",".",{"title":204,"searchDepth":205,"depth":205,"links":206},"",2,[207,208,214,215,216],{"id":12,"depth":205,"text":13},{"id":20,"depth":205,"text":21,"children":209},[210,212,213],{"id":25,"depth":211,"text":26},3,{"id":63,"depth":211,"text":64},{"id":74,"depth":211,"text":75},{"id":81,"depth":205,"text":82},{"id":109,"depth":205,"text":110},{"id":136,"depth":205,"text":137},"\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray.png","Butterflies of Primorye: unique Far Eastern fauna, Maack’s swallowtail, more than 200 day-flying species in cedar–broadleaf forests.","md",[221,224,227,230],{"q":222,"a":223},"Why is Primorsky Krai so rich in butterflies?","Primorye lies at the junction of Manchurian, Japanese, and Siberian faunas. Cedar–broadleaf forests create unique conditions. More than 200 day-flying species are recorded here — more than in any other region of Russia.",{"q":225,"a":226},"Which unique butterflies occur in Primorye?","Unique species include Maack’s swallowtail (Papilio maackii) — Russia’s largest swallowtail — Alcinous swallowtail, and several underwing moths with blue hindwings. Many species occur only in Primorye.",{"q":228,"a":229},"When is the best time to visit Primorye for butterflies?","Best time is June–August. First peak — May–June (swallowtails), second — July–August (nymphalids, satyrs, blues). June is especially diverse.",{"q":231,"a":232},"Where are most butterflies in Primorye?","Best sites: Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Reserve, Zov Tigra National Park, Ussuri River valley, vicinity of Lazo. Cedar–broadleaf forest at the foot of hills is the ideal biotope.","Photorealistic nature photo, cedar-broadleaf forest of Primorye Russia, large Papilio maackii butterfly with iridescent blue wings on orange flowers, lush Far East forest background, warm summer light, 16:9 landscape",{},true,null,"atlas","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray","01.05.2026",1,"primorskiy-kray",[243,246,249,252],{"label":244,"path":245},"Poplar admiral","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi",{"label":247,"path":248},"Purple emperor","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris",{"label":250,"path":251},"Red admiral","\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral",{"label":253,"path":254},"Irkutsk Oblast","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Firkutskaya-oblast",{"title":256,"description":257},"Butterflies of Primorsky Krai — 200+ Far Eastern species","200+ butterfly species of Primorye: Maack’s swallowtail, unique Far Eastern species, best sites in Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve.",{"loc":238},"atlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fprimorskiy-kray","8rFGBfmo6Y_PO98acw8RC-rKMgSOIhwr1TV_OCdmWhE",[],[],[264,267,270,273],{"label":244,"path":245,"coverImage":265,"latinName":266},"\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Flentochnik-topolevyi.jpg","Limenitis populi",{"label":247,"path":248,"coverImage":268,"latinName":269},"\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fperelivnitsa-iris.jpg","Apatura iris",{"label":250,"path":251,"coverImage":271,"latinName":272},"\u002Fimages\u002Fvidy-babochek\u002Fvidy\u002Fadmiral.jpg","Vanessa atalanta",{"label":253,"path":254,"coverImage":274,"latinName":236},"\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Firkutskaya-oblast.png",[276,281,286,291,297,303,309,315],{"title":277,"description":278,"path":279,"coverImage":280,"publishedAt":239,"order":240},"Russia","Guide to butterflies of Russia: from tundra to Caucasus subtropics — more than 300 species of day-flying butterflies in the world's largest country.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya.png",{"title":282,"description":283,"path":284,"coverImage":285,"publishedAt":239,"order":205},"Europe","Butterflies of Europe: about 500 day-flying species, from the Mediterranean to the Arctic. Alps, Mediterranean, islands — the continent's richest regions.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa.png",{"title":287,"description":288,"path":289,"coverImage":290,"publishedAt":239,"order":211},"Asia","Butterflies of Asia: from the Arctic tundra of Siberia to the tropics of Southeast Asia. The largest continent with 5,000+ species of day-flying butterflies.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya.png",{"title":292,"description":293,"path":294,"coverImage":295,"publishedAt":239,"order":296},"Africa","Butterflies of Africa: about 3,500 day-flying species, from the Sahara to the Congo rainforests. Madagascar, East African Rift, Cape — the richest regions.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika.png",4,{"title":298,"description":299,"path":300,"coverImage":301,"publishedAt":239,"order":302},"North America","Butterflies of North America: about 800 day-flying species, monarch, swallowtails, blues. USA, Canada, Mexico — different climate zones with unique faunas.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika.png",5,{"title":304,"description":305,"path":306,"coverImage":307,"publishedAt":239,"order":308},"South America","Butterflies of South America: more than 3,500 day-flying species, Amazon, Andes. Morphos, heliconiids, ithomiids, birdwings — the richest region in the world.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika.png",6,{"title":310,"description":311,"path":312,"coverImage":313,"publishedAt":239,"order":314},"Australia and Oceania","Butterflies of Australia and Oceania: about 400 species in Australia, Papua birdwings, unique Pacific islands. Isolated fauna with high endemism.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya.png",7,{"title":316,"description":317,"path":318,"coverImage":319,"publishedAt":239,"order":320},"Distribution maps","How to read butterfly range maps: what they show, what shapes distribution boundaries, data sources, and how to use atlas maps.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fkarty-rasprostraneniya.png",8,[322,327,332,335,340,345,350,355,360,361,366,371,376,381,386],{"title":323,"description":324,"path":325,"coverImage":326,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Altai Krai and the Altai Republic","Butterflies of the Altai: mountain species, Apollo, mnemosyne, more than 150 species in steppes and alpine meadows. Best routes for observation.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Faltayskiy-kray.png",{"title":328,"description":329,"path":330,"coverImage":331,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Crimea","Butterflies of the Crimean Peninsula: Mediterranean species, southern festoon, more than 130 day-flying butterflies on mountain yaylas and in steppes.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-krym","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-krym.png",{"title":333,"description":334,"path":254,"coverImage":274,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Irkutsk Oblast (Lake Baikal)","Butterflies of Lake Baikal and Irkutsk Oblast: Siberian species and mountain butterflies of Khamar-Daban, more than 100 species on the sacred lake's shores.",{"title":336,"description":337,"path":338,"coverImage":339,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Kaliningrad Oblast","Butterflies of Kaliningrad Oblast: West European species on the amber coast, about 90 day-flying species, wet meadows and dunes of the Curonian Spit.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkaliningradskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkaliningradskaya-oblast.png",{"title":341,"description":342,"path":343,"coverImage":344,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Krasnodar Krai","Butterflies of Krasnodar Krai and the Black Sea coast: more than 180 species, Caucasian and subtropical species, best observation sites.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkrasnodarskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fkrasnodarskiy-kray.png",{"title":346,"description":347,"path":348,"coverImage":349,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Leningrad Oblast","Butterflies of Leningrad Oblast and Saint Petersburg: about 80 species in taiga forests, bogs, and meadows. Species, seasons, and observation sites.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fleningradskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fleningradskaya-oblast.png",{"title":351,"description":352,"path":353,"coverImage":354,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Moscow Oblast","Butterfly species of Moscow Oblast: more than 120 day-flying species in forests, meadows, and river valleys. Best observation sites and flight seasons.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fmoskovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fmoskovskaya-oblast.png",{"title":356,"description":357,"path":358,"coverImage":359,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Novosibirsk Oblast (Western Siberia)","Butterflies of Novosibirsk Oblast: West Siberian species, more than 80 day-flying butterflies in forest-steppe and birch groves.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fnovosibirskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fnovosibirskaya-oblast.png",{"title":5,"description":218,"path":238,"coverImage":217,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":362,"description":363,"path":364,"coverImage":365,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Rostov Oblast","Butterflies of Rostov Oblast: steppe species of the Don steppes, more than 100 day-flying butterflies, unique steppe blues and ringlets.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frostovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frostovskaya-oblast.png",{"title":367,"description":368,"path":369,"coverImage":370,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Samara Oblast (Volga region)","Butterflies of Samara Oblast: forest-steppe species of the Volga, Zhiguli Mountains, more than 100 day-flying butterflies on the banks of the Volga.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsamarskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsamarskaya-oblast.png",{"title":372,"description":373,"path":374,"coverImage":375,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Stavropol Krai","Butterflies of Stavropol Krai: steppe and mountain species of the Pre-Caucasus, more than 140 day-flying butterflies at the foot of the Caucasus.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fstavropolskiy-kray","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fstavropolskiy-kray.png",{"title":377,"description":378,"path":379,"coverImage":380,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Sverdlovsk Oblast (Urals)","Butterflies of Sverdlovsk Oblast and the Urals: mountain and taiga species, Apollo and other protected butterflies, observation sites in the Middle Urals.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsverdlovskaya-oblast","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Fsverdlovskaya-oblast.png",{"title":382,"description":383,"path":384,"coverImage":385,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Southern Urals)","Butterflies of Bashkortostan: mountain and steppe species of the Southern Urals, Apollo, more than 120 species in mountains and mixed-grass steppes.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-bashkortostan","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-bashkortostan.png",{"title":387,"description":388,"path":389,"coverImage":390,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of the Republic of Karelia","Butterflies of Karelia: northern taiga species, bog butterflies, about 60 day-flying species on lake shores and in pine forests.","\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-kareliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Frossiya\u002Frespublika-kareliya.png",[392,393,399,405,410,416,422,428,433,438,443,444,449,455,461,466,471,476,482,487,492,493,498,503,504,509,514,515,516,521,527,532,537,538,544,550,556,562,568,569,574,580,585,590,591,592,593,598,603,609,610,611,617,622,627,632,638,644,650,651,652,657,662,666,667,668,669,670,671,672,673],{"title":323,"description":324,"path":325,"coverImage":326,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":394,"description":395,"path":396,"coverImage":397,"publishedAt":398,"order":236},"Butterflies of Argentina","Argentina has about 1,400 butterfly species across varied landscapes: subtropical Misiones, Andean Yungas cloud forests, Gran Chaco, and cold Patagonia.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fargentina","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fargentina.png","30.06.2026",{"title":400,"description":401,"path":402,"coverImage":403,"publishedAt":404,"order":236},"Butterflies of Australia","Australia has about 420 butterfly species — modest globally but with high endemism. Queensland's tropical rainforests hold most of the diversity.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Favstraliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Favstraliya.png","07.07.2026",{"title":406,"description":407,"path":408,"coverImage":409,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Austria","Austria is an Alpine country with exceptionally rich mountain butterfly fauna: more than 200 species, including unique alpine species and endemics.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Favstriya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Favstriya.png",{"title":411,"description":412,"path":413,"coverImage":414,"publishedAt":415,"order":236},"Butterflies of Brazil","Brazil is the world leader in butterfly diversity: more than 3,500 species across Amazonia, the Cerrado, and the Atlantic Forest, with thousands of endemics.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fbraziliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fbraziliya.jpg","14.06.2026",{"title":417,"description":418,"path":419,"coverImage":420,"publishedAt":421,"order":236},"Butterflies of Cameroon","Cameroon — Africa in miniature: mangroves, Sahel scrub, Congo rainforest. Around 900-1,000 species at the junction of West and Central Africa.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkamerun","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkamerun.png","19.07.2026",{"title":423,"description":424,"path":425,"coverImage":426,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Canada","Canada is a country of boreal forests and arctic tundra. About 300 day-flying butterfly species, including unique arctic and subarctic species.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fkanada","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fkanada.png","28.05.2026",{"title":429,"description":430,"path":431,"coverImage":432,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of China","China is the world leader in butterfly species: more than 2,000 species. Yunnan Province is one of the world's richest entomological regions.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkitay","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkitay.png",{"title":434,"description":435,"path":436,"coverImage":437,"publishedAt":415,"order":236},"Butterflies of Colombia","Colombia ranks third in the world for butterfly diversity: about 3,400 species, spanning Amazonia, the Andes, and a Caribbean coast on two oceans.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fkolombiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fkolombiya.jpg",{"title":439,"description":440,"path":441,"coverImage":442,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Costa Rica","Costa Rica is a world leader in butterfly species density. More than 1,500 species in a country smaller than Moscow Oblast.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fkosta-rika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fkosta-rika.png",{"title":328,"description":329,"path":330,"coverImage":331,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":445,"description":446,"path":447,"coverImage":448,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Cuba","Cuba is the largest Caribbean island with unique endemic butterfly fauna. About 200 day-flying species, many found nowhere else in the world.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fkuba","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fkuba.png",{"title":450,"description":451,"path":452,"coverImage":453,"publishedAt":454,"order":236},"Butterflies of Ecuador","Ecuador has the highest butterfly species density in the world: about 4,500 species in a country smaller than Germany, spanning Amazon and Andean forests.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fekvador","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fekvador.png","02.07.2026",{"title":456,"description":457,"path":458,"coverImage":459,"publishedAt":460,"order":236},"Butterflies of Ethiopia","Ethiopia's altitudinal range, from the Danakil Depression to the Simien Mountains, supports around 650–700 butterfly species, including Afromontane endemics.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fetiopia","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fetiopia.png","21.07.2026",{"title":462,"description":463,"path":464,"coverImage":465,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Finland","About 120 species of day-flying butterflies live in Finland, rich in bog and forest species, with migrants from Central Europe on the southern coast.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Ffinlyandiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Ffinlyandiya.png",{"title":467,"description":468,"path":469,"coverImage":470,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of France","France has the richest day-flying butterfly diversity in Western Europe — more than 250 species. From Pyrenean alpine meadows to Mediterranean maquis.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Ffranciya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Ffranciya.png",{"title":472,"description":473,"path":474,"coverImage":475,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Germany","Germany is one of Europe's most studied regions in entomology. About 3,700 Lepidoptera species, including more than 180 day-flying butterfly species.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgermaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgermaniya.png",{"title":477,"description":478,"path":479,"coverImage":480,"publishedAt":481,"order":236},"Butterflies of Greece","Greece records around 230 species of day-flying butterflies — one of Europe's richest faunas, where warmth meets limestone mountains and eastern elements.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgreciya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fgreciya.png","02.08.2026",{"title":483,"description":484,"path":485,"coverImage":486,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of India","India ranks second in the world for butterfly species: about 1,500 day-flying species. The Western Ghats and Himalayas are global biodiversity hotspots.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Findiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Findiya.png",{"title":488,"description":489,"path":490,"coverImage":491,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Indonesia","Indonesia is a world leader in birdwing species and one of the richest regions for butterfly fauna, with Borneo, Sulawesi, and New Guinea endemics.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Findoneziya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Findoneziya.png",{"title":333,"description":334,"path":254,"coverImage":274,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":494,"description":495,"path":496,"coverImage":497,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Italy","Italy has exceptionally rich butterfly fauna: more than 280 day-flying species. Alps, Apennines, Sicily, and Sardinia create enormous biotope diversity.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fitaliya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fitaliya.png",{"title":499,"description":500,"path":501,"coverImage":502,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Japan","Japan has exceptionally rich butterfly fauna: more than 240 day-flying species, with island-arc endemics, seasonal migrants, and unique mountain species.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fyaponiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fyaponiya.png",{"title":336,"description":337,"path":338,"coverImage":339,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":505,"description":506,"path":507,"coverImage":508,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Kazakhstan","Kazakhstan is the largest country in Central Asia, with about 400 butterfly species across the Tian Shan and Altai mountains, steppes, and deserts.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkazakstan","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fkazakstan.png",{"title":510,"description":511,"path":512,"coverImage":513,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Kenya","Kenya is an African leader in butterfly tourism. More than 800 day-flying species in savannas, mountain forests, and coastal mangroves.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkeniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fkeniya.png",{"title":341,"description":342,"path":343,"coverImage":344,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":346,"description":347,"path":348,"coverImage":349,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":517,"description":518,"path":519,"coverImage":520,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Madagascar","Madagascar is an island of endemics with a unique butterfly fauna. About 300 day-flying species, most found nowhere else in the world.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fmadagaskar","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fmadagaskar.png",{"title":522,"description":523,"path":524,"coverImage":525,"publishedAt":526,"order":236},"Butterflies of Malaysia","Malaysia harbours around 1,300 butterfly species across Peninsular Malaysia and Bornean Sabah and Sarawak. Rajah Brooke's Birdwing is the national butterfly.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fmalajziya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fmalajziya.png","13.07.2026",{"title":528,"description":529,"path":530,"coverImage":531,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Mexico","Mexico has one of the world's richest butterfly diversities: more than 2,000 species, monarch wintering grounds, and neotropical jungles of the Yucatán.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fmeksika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fmeksika.png",{"title":533,"description":534,"path":535,"coverImage":536,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Morocco","Morocco is the gateway to Africa for European entomologists, with about 200 species: Atlas mountain species, Mediterranean migrants, and Saharan specialists.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fmarokko","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fmarokko.png",{"title":351,"description":352,"path":353,"coverImage":354,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":539,"description":540,"path":541,"coverImage":542,"publishedAt":543,"order":236},"Butterflies of Myanmar","Myanmar lies at the crossroads of the Indo-Malayan and Indo-Chinese faunal zones, with an estimated 900–1,000 butterfly species — one of Asia's richest.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fmjanmar","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fmjanmar.png","14.08.2026",{"title":545,"description":546,"path":547,"coverImage":548,"publishedAt":549,"order":236},"Butterflies of Nepal","Nepal compresses an 8,700-metre altitudinal range into a narrow strip — from Terai plains to the highest peaks — producing around 650 butterfly species.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fnepalj","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fnepalj.png","25.07.2026",{"title":551,"description":552,"path":553,"coverImage":554,"publishedAt":555,"order":236},"Butterflies of New Zealand","New Zealand has only about 20 native butterfly species — one of the smallest faunas — but endemism is high, with several found nowhere else.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Fnovaya-zelandiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Fnovaya-zelandiya.png","11.07.2026",{"title":557,"description":558,"path":559,"coverImage":560,"publishedAt":561,"order":236},"Butterflies of Nigeria","Nigeria is home to about 1,000 butterfly species, including the African Giant Swallowtail — Africa's largest. Cross River rainforest is a key hotspot.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fnigeriya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fnigeriya.png","17.07.2026",{"title":563,"description":564,"path":565,"coverImage":566,"publishedAt":567,"order":236},"Butterflies of Norway","Around 85 butterfly species are recorded in Norway, whose latitudinal range spans mild coasts and harsh Arctic fell, supporting boreal and Arctic specialists.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fnorvegiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fnorvegiya.png","29.07.2026",{"title":356,"description":357,"path":358,"coverImage":359,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":570,"description":571,"path":572,"coverImage":573,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Panama","Panama is the isthmus between two Americas, a biological corridor for thousands of species, with more than 1,200 species on migration and speciation routes.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fpanama","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fpanama.png",{"title":575,"description":576,"path":577,"coverImage":578,"publishedAt":579,"order":236},"Butterflies of Papua New Guinea","Papua New Guinea is home to over 800 butterfly species, including the Queen Alexandra's Birdwing, the world's largest butterfly with a 280mm wingspan.","\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Fpapua-novaya-gvineya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Favstraliya-i-okeaniya\u002Fpapua-novaya-gvineya.png","09.07.2026",{"title":581,"description":582,"path":583,"coverImage":584,"publishedAt":415,"order":236},"Butterflies of Peru","Peru ranks second in the world for butterfly diversity: more than 3,500 species, across the Amazon basin, the Andes, and the Pacific coast.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fperu","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fperu.jpg",{"title":586,"description":587,"path":588,"coverImage":589,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Poland","Poland lies at the junction of Western and Eastern European faunas, with about 160 species, including apollo, clouded apollo, and marsh fritillary.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fpolsha","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fpolsha.png",{"title":5,"description":218,"path":238,"coverImage":217,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":362,"description":363,"path":364,"coverImage":365,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":367,"description":368,"path":369,"coverImage":370,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":594,"description":595,"path":596,"coverImage":597,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of South Africa","South Africa is Africa's most studied country in entomology. More than 660 day-flying species and a unique fauna of the Cape Floristic Region.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fyuzhnaya-afrika","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fyuzhnaya-afrika.png",{"title":599,"description":600,"path":601,"coverImage":602,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Spain","Spain has the greatest day-flying butterfly diversity in Western Europe: more than 230 species, including Iberian endemics and high-mountain swallowtails.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fispaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fispaniya.png",{"title":604,"description":605,"path":606,"coverImage":607,"publishedAt":608,"order":236},"Butterflies of Sri Lanka","Sri Lanka's compact geography, split between wet southwest and dry northeast, supports around 245 butterfly species, including 25+ endemics.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fshri-lanka","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fshri-lanka.png","23.07.2026",{"title":372,"description":373,"path":374,"coverImage":375,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":377,"description":378,"path":379,"coverImage":380,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":612,"description":613,"path":614,"coverImage":615,"publishedAt":616,"order":236},"Butterflies of Sweden","Sweden records around 120 butterfly species. Its long north–south extent spans Central European fauna in the south to true Arctic specialists in Lapland.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fshveciya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fshveciya.png","08.08.2026",{"title":618,"description":619,"path":620,"coverImage":621,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of Tanzania","Tanzania — land of Kilimanjaro and tropical forests. More than 750 day-flying species in mountains, savannas, and coastal forests of Zanzibar.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Ftanzaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Ftanzaniya.png",{"title":623,"description":624,"path":625,"coverImage":626,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Thailand","Thailand is a tropical country with more than 1,200 butterfly species. Doi Inthanon and Khao Yai are among the best observation sites in Southeast Asia.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Ftailand","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Ftailand.png",{"title":628,"description":629,"path":630,"coverImage":631,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of Turkey","Turkey lies at the junction of Europe and Asia with rich fauna: more than 450 butterfly species. The Taurus Mountains are a unique center of endemism.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fturtsiya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fturtsiya.png",{"title":633,"description":634,"path":635,"coverImage":636,"publishedAt":637,"order":236},"Butterflies of Uganda","Uganda records around 1,200 butterfly species — one of Africa's highest densities, home to species found nowhere else, including the world's largest.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fuganda","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fafrika\u002Fuganda.png","16.08.2026",{"title":639,"description":640,"path":641,"coverImage":642,"publishedAt":643,"order":236},"Butterflies of Venezuela","Venezuela is home to about 1,500 butterfly species and world-famous for its tepuis — ancient sandstone table mountains with high levels of butterfly endemism.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fvenecuela","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fyuzhnaya-amerika\u002Fvenecuela.png","04.07.2026",{"title":645,"description":646,"path":647,"coverImage":648,"publishedAt":649,"order":236},"Butterflies of Vietnam","Vietnam is home to around 1,500 butterfly species. Its narrow S-shape spans subtropical north to equatorial south, producing exceptional habitat diversity.","\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fvetnam","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Faziya\u002Fvetnam.png","15.07.2026",{"title":382,"description":383,"path":384,"coverImage":385,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":387,"description":388,"path":389,"coverImage":390,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},{"title":653,"description":654,"path":655,"coverImage":656,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"Butterflies of the United Kingdom","About 60 species of day-flying butterflies live in the United Kingdom — few in number, but several unique to island fauna, with a strong watching culture.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fvelikobritaniya","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fevropa\u002Fvelikobritaniya.png",{"title":658,"description":659,"path":660,"coverImage":661,"publishedAt":427,"order":236},"Butterflies of the United States","The United States is one of the world's most studied regions for butterfly biodiversity, with more than 700 species from Alaska's tundra to Florida's swamps.","\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fssha","\u002Fimages\u002Fatlas\u002Fsevernaya-amerika\u002Fssha.png",{"title":663,"description":664,"path":665,"coverImage":236,"publishedAt":239,"order":236},"World Butterfly Atlas","Geographic butterfly atlas: species diversity by continent and region — from Arctic tundra to tropical forests, with ranges and flight seasons.","\u002Fatlas",{"title":277,"description":278,"path":279,"coverImage":280,"publishedAt":239,"order":240},{"title":282,"description":283,"path":284,"coverImage":285,"publishedAt":239,"order":205},{"title":287,"description":288,"path":289,"coverImage":290,"publishedAt":239,"order":211},{"title":292,"description":293,"path":294,"coverImage":295,"publishedAt":239,"order":296},{"title":298,"description":299,"path":300,"coverImage":301,"publishedAt":239,"order":302},{"title":304,"description":305,"path":306,"coverImage":307,"publishedAt":239,"order":308},{"title":310,"description":311,"path":312,"coverImage":313,"publishedAt":239,"order":314},{"title":316,"description":317,"path":318,"coverImage":319,"publishedAt":239,"order":320},1787125896578]